Salivary Mucocele with Osseous Metaplasia in a Dog

Park, Jin‐Kyu; Han, Jung Yeon; Hong, Il-Hwa; Hwang, Ok-Kyung; Hong, Kyung-Sook; Ji, Ae-Ri; Ki, Mi-Ran; Park, Se-Il; Kim, Tae‐Hwan; Choi, Dong-Hag; Jeong, Kyu‐Shik

doi:10.1292/jvms.71.975

Cited by 11 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The distal acoustic shadowing observed after 3 months from onset may have been caused by metaplastic changes following fibrosis that resulted in osseous metaplasia of the affected gland. Similar metaplastic changes have been previously reported . Histopathological examinations in seven of our dogs supported these explanations for the ultrasonographic characteristics, where necrosed and hypertrophied acini with large amounts of fluid were detected in early stages.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Clinical and Ultrasonographic Characteristics of Salivary Mucoceles in 13 Dogs

Torad

Hassan

2013

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Salivary mucocele is one of the causes of submandibular swelling in dogs and is due to a collection of mucoid saliva that has leaked from a damaged salivary gland. The purpose of this case series report was to describe the clinical and ultrasonographic characteristics of confirmed salivary mucoceles in 13 dogs admitted to the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at Cairo University. The final diagnosis of salivary mucocele was based on aspirate cytology for all dogs and additional surgical excision for seven dogs. For dogs admitted from 2 weeks to 1 month from the onset of clinical signs, the cervical mucocele appeared as a round echogenic structure with a large volume of central anechoic content. The wall was a clearly identified hyperechoic structure surrounding the gland. For dogs admitted between 1 to 2 months from the onset of clinical signs, the volume of anechoic material appeared less than that seen in the acute cases. The overall appearance of the salivary mucocele was heterogenous. For dogs admitted after 2 months from the onset of clinical signs, the salivary mucocele appeared grainy or mottled, with a heterogenous appearance and a further decrease in anechoic content. For one dog that presented after 3 months from the onset of clinical signs, the salivary mucocele was hard on palpation and appeared hyperechoic with distal acoustic shadowing. Findings from this study indicated that ultrasonographic characteristics of salivary mucoceles in dogs vary depending on the chronological stage of the disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Clinical and Ultrasonographic Characteristics of Salivary Mucoceles in 13 Dogs

Torad

Hassan

2013

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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“…Osseous metaplasia is a potentially reversible adaptive change in which a cell type is replaced by another of the same germ line that is more resistant to changes in the microenvironment . Osseus metaplasia has rarely been reported in dogs with sialoceles . Although rare, OM should be considered as a differential diagnosis for fine‐needle aspirates from salivary glands, where evidence of bone formation is present.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinically, there is a submandibular, cervical, or sometimes sublingual soft, fluctuant swelling. Aspiration generally reveals saliva‐like fluid, and microscopically there is mucin (positive to mucus‐specific stains such as periodic acid–Schiff) . It is believed that sialoceles are caused by trauma, foreign bodies, and sialoliths, where saliva leaking into the adjacent tissue induces an inflammatory response, granulation tissue, and fibrous encapsulation …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is your diagnosis? Salivary gland mass in a dog

O'Connell

Leach

Berman

et al. 2016

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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A 6-year-old, female neutered, Shar Pei dog was presented at the University of Glasgow Small Animal Hospital for a routine recheck following a 6-month treatment with toceranib phosphate, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. The dog had been treated for a previously diagnosed cutaneous, grade II mast cell tumor in the right axillary region that had been surgically removed. On clinical examination no tumor regrowth was noted, and hematologic and biochemical profiles, and urinalysis showed no significant abnormalities. However, during the physical examination, a firm mass was palpated in the region of the right submandibular lymph node. Fine-needle aspirates of the lesion were taken and smears were submitted for cytologic examination (Figure 1). A B Figure 1. Fine-needle aspirates of a mass in the right submandibular area in a dog. May-Grunwald Giemsa stain. (A) Bar = 100 lm, (B) Bar = 50 lm.Interpretation: Sialocele with osseous metaplasia and pyogranulomatous inflammationThe specimen was highly cellular and a moderate number of windrowing erythrocytes were noted in the background. Between lakes of basophilic mucus, there were large, foamy cells exfoliating individually or in clusters, and occasional biand tri-nucleated cells were noted. The majority of the foamy cells were interpreted as macrophages, and some of the most cohesive aggregates were interpreted as salivary glandular epithelial cells. Aggregates of spindle-shaped cells, tightly associated with extracellular, eosinophilic matrix material (osteoid or collagen) were also seen ( Figure 1A, 2C, and 2D). These cells were spindle to oval shaped, had a high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio, deeply basophilic cytoplasm, and an oval nucleus with finely stippled chromatin. Anisokaryosis and anisocytosis were mild to moderate. Numerous neutrophils and low numbers of multinucleated osteoclasts were also noted ( Figure 1B). While the foamy macrophages and epithelial cells were indicative of sialocoele and sialadenitis, the presence of osteoclasts suggested the presence of osseous metaplasia (OM) or neoplasia. The salivary mass was surgically removed and processed for histopathology. On histologic examination, multiple lobules of serous and mucous salivary glandular tissue were observed, with a central large, markedly dilated duct that was inconsistently lined by a severely attenuated cuboidal epithelium (Figure 2A). Surrounding and radiating from the duct and surrounding multiple salivary gland lobules, there were large anastamosing bony trabeculae lined by mature osteoblasts and small numbers of osteoclasts, and numerous lacunae containing osteocytes (Figure 2A and B). Within the fibrovascular tissue surrounding the dilated duct and involving areas of adipose tissue and glandular tissue, there was multifocal necrosis. Scattered throughout the fibrovascular and glandular tissue, there were moderate numbers of lymphocytes and plasma cells forming follicle-like aggregates. The final diagnosis was sialocele with severe chronic, submandibular sialoadenitis, and OM.

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“…This cavity is contiguous to a salivary gland-duct complex [ 3 ] and is the most common condition affecting the salivar y glands in dogs [ 4 ]. Salivary mucoceles can reveal differentiation in several types of tissues, such as those represented by squamous [ 5 ] and osseous metaplasia [ 6 , 7 ]. There are only two reported cases of osteoid metaplastic salivary mucocele in the dog [ 6 , 7 ], none of them in the Shih Tzu breed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectopic ossification presenting as osteoid metaplasia in a salivary mucocele in a Shih Tzu dog

et al. 2012

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BackgroundSalivary mucocele is an accumulation of saliva in a single or multiloculated cavity lined by connective tissue that is contiguous to a salivary gland-duct complex and is the most common condition affecting the salivary glands in dogs. Occasionally, different types of metaplastic lesions, such as squamous and osseous metaplasia - which are rare lesions in animals - can be observed in association with salivary mucocele.Case presentationA right facial enlargement was suddenly observed in a 4-year-old non-spayed female Shih-Tzu dog. The lesion presented itself as a soft and fluctuant mass located in the right side of the face near to the neck. Histologically, the mass consisted of a cavitary formation without an epithelial lining. Additionally, microscopic examination revealed the presence of osteoid-producing cells which gave rise to areas of bone formation, probably induced by irritation due to the presence sialoliths. Such cells and bone formations were also present in the cavity wall, consequently leading us to classify the condition as a salivary mucocele with osseous metaplasia.ConclusionsIn the present case, the pathogenesis was probably associated with the presence of sialoliths, which can behave as etiological agents for the metaplastic lesion. The occurrence of osteoid metaplasia is a rare peculiar condition in the canine salivar y gland, and due to the rarity and lack of information about this specific disease, no clinical data can yet be associated with the development of salivary mucocele with osseous metaplasia in dogs.

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Salivary Mucocele with Osseous Metaplasia in a Dog

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

Clinical and Ultrasonographic Characteristics of Salivary Mucoceles in 13 Dogs

Clinical and Ultrasonographic Characteristics of Salivary Mucoceles in 13 Dogs

What is your diagnosis? Salivary gland mass in a dog

Ectopic ossification presenting as osteoid metaplasia in a salivary mucocele in a Shih Tzu dog

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