Mast cell tumor (MCT) is a frequent cutaneous neoplasm in dogs that is heterogeneous in clinical presentation and biological behavior, with a variable potential for recurrence and metastasis. Accurate prediction of clinical outcomes has been challenging. The study objective was to develop a system for classification of canine MCT according to the mortality risk based on individual assessment of clinical, histologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular features. The study included 149 dogs with a histologic diagnosis of cutaneous or subcutaneous MCT. By univariate analysis, MCT metastasis and related death was significantly associated with clinical stage ( P < .0001, r = -0.610), history of tumor recurrence ( P < .0001, r = -0.550), Patnaik ( P < .0001, r = -0.380) and Kiupel grades ( P < .0001, r = -0.500), predominant organization of neoplastic cells ( P < .0001, r = -0.452), mitotic count ( P < .0001, r = -0.325), Ki-67 labeling index ( P < .0001, r = -0.414), KITr pattern ( P = .02, r = 0.207), and c-KIT mutational status ( P < .0001, r = -0.356). By multivariate analysis with Cox proportional hazard model, only 2 features were independent predictors of overall survival: an amendment of the World Health Organization clinical staging system (hazard ratio [95% CI]: 1.824 [1.210-4.481]; P = .01) and a history of tumor recurrence (hazard ratio [95% CI]: 9.250 [2.158-23.268]; P < .001]. From these results, we propose an amendment of the WHO staging system, a method of risk analysis, and a suggested approach to clinical and laboratory evaluation of dogs with cutaneous MCT.

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Mammary neoplasms are the tumors with higher incidence in female dogs. Among the factors that contribute for the development of this and other neoplasms, the inflammatory tumor microenvironment plays a crucial role. Several studies reported important roles for lymphocytes, macrophages, plasma cells, neutrophils, eosinophils and mast cells in this context. In the present study, our aim was to evaluate the number of profile cells of inflammatory cells and area of tumor fibrosis and the relation of these features with canine mammary tumors of different histologic and clinical presentation (benign mixed tumor, carcinoma in mixed tumor, solid carcinoma and tubular carcinoma) Counting and staining of inflammatory cells and tumor fibrosis were performed through histochemistry, while counting and staining of CD4, TCD8 and FOXP3 lymphocytes were performed through immunohistochemistry. Statistical analysis of the association between densities of inflammatory cells, tumor fibrosis and histologic types revealed significant difference for plasma cells (p = .035), neutrophils (p = .0113), macrophages (p = .0047), and tumor fibrosis (p = .05). The found data suggest associations between high number of neutrophils and aggressive mammary tumors, between high densities of plasma cells, macrophages and CD8 cells and between low number of profile cells of CD4 cells and less aggressive tumors. Larger areas of tumor fibrosis showed relation to more aggressive canine mammary tumors.

A utilização correta de pneus em tratores, tanto em relação ao seu tipo quanto à calibração de sua pressão interna, e a lastragem ideal para cada condição de carga são fatores que influem significativamente no desempenho do trator. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo comparar o desempenho de um trator equipado com pneus radiais e com pneus diagonais, para três condições de lastragem líquida (0%, 40% e 75% de água), em três condições superficiais de um Nitossolo Vermelho distrófico (superfície firme, preparada e com cobertura vegetal de resto de milho) e em três velocidades teóricas de deslocamento (4 km h-1, 5 km h-1 e 7 km h-1), informadas no painel do trator, correspondendo às marchas B1, B2 e C1. O melhor desempenho do trator, equipado com pneu diagonal, ocorreu na condição de 75% de água nos pneus, apresentando maior velocidade de deslocamento, menor patinhagem do trator, menor consumo horário de combustível e gerando maior potência na barra de tração. Com pneus radiais, o melhor desempenho do trator ocorreu na condição de 40% de água nos pneus, proporcionando maiores velocidades de deslocamento do trator, menores patinhagens, menores consumos, horário e específico de combustível, e maiores potência e rendimento na barra de tração.

The majority of children had a positive image of the dentist and dental treatment, and this perception was not associated with oral health-related quality of life.

Resumo -Conceitos de qualidade cada vez mais se tornam essenciais para a sobrevivência da empresa agrícola, pois a importância do aprimoramento das operações agrícolas se faz necessária para a obtenção de resultados viáveis economicamente, ambientamente e socialmente. Uma das dimensões da qualidade é conseguir de conformidade, ou seja, a garantia de execução exata do que foi planejado para atender aos requisitos dos clientes em relação a um determinado produto ou serviço. Os objetivos deste trabalho são avaliar a distribuição longitudinal entre sementes de uma semeadora de anel interno rotativo, e propor a utilização da metodologia estatística da Média Móvel Exponencialmente Ponderada (MMEP) como alternativa para o controle de qualidade da semeadura, quando não há normalidade da distribuição dos dados. Os resultados demonstraram que a MMEP é adequada para a avaliação da qualidade da distribuição longitudinal de sementes, pois concordou com os dados apresentados na estatística descritiva, o que lhe credencia para avaliação de distribuições não normais. Palavras-chave -Uniformidade de distribuição. Controle de Qualidade. Média móvel.Abstract -Quality concepts are essentials for survivor of agricultural companies, therefore, the importancy of improvement of agricultural process is necessary for to get results economically, environmentally and socially viables. One quality dimension is to get a compliance quality, ie, ensure the exact execution than was planned. The subject of this paper is evaluable at longitudinal distribution between seed of a internal ring seeder. The subject of this paper is to evaluate at longitudinal distribution between seed distributed for a internal ring seeder and to propose the use of statistical methodology exponentially weighted moving average (MMEP) like alternative for the quality control of seeders, when there is not normality in data. The results showed that the MMEP is adequate for quality evaluation of longitudinal distribution between seeds, as agreed with the data of descriptive statistic.

RESUMO-O ensaio do trator em solo agrícola é uma das maneiras de se obter informações, principalmente no que diz respeito ao seu desenvolvimento de tração. O rendimento na barra de tração é frequentemente usado para comparar ou avaliar tratores. Entretanto, o rendimento na barra de tração é afetado pelas condições da superfície de deslocamento, pela relação de engrenagens e pela relação entre o peso e a potência do trator. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o rendimento na barra de tração de um trator agrícola com diferentes relações entre o peso/potência sob diferentes regimes de carga aplicados na barra de tração. O ensaio foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental Lageado, pertencente a UNESP, Campus de Botucatu-SP avaliando as seguintes relações de peso e potência: 50; 55 e 60 N kW-1 , onde para cada uma dessas relações utilizou-se três intervalos de força na barra de tração da seguinte forma: 15a 20; 25 a 30 e 35 a 40 kN. Concluiuse que as relações de peso e potência e as cargas estudadas apresentaram pouca variabilidade. Observou-se que a relação de peso e potência de 50 e 55 N kW-1 , para as cargas aplicadas na barra de tração de 25 a 30 e 35 a 40 kN, apresentaram diferença entre médias, sendo que o maior rendimento da barra de tração foi obtido para a carga de 25 a 30 kN, onde a média foi de 50,9 e 54,1% respectivamente. Já para a relação de peso e potência de 60 N kW-1 não houve diferença entre médias nas cargas de 25 a 30 e 35 a 40 kN. Palavras-chave: Eficiência trativa. Carro dinamométrico. Ensaio de tratores.

Background/Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate a multimodal approach for the treatment of canine malignant mammary gland neoplasms, including surgery, chemotherapy, thalidomide, and metronomic chemotherapy (MC). Materials and Methods: Fifty-eight female dogs were submitted to four different treatments: surgery; surgery with chemotherapy; surgery with chemotherapy and thalidomide; and surgery with chemotherapy and metronomic chemotherapy and overall survival was evaluated. Results: No statistical difference was found in the proliferative index and microvessel density of primary neoplasms and distant metastases following thalidomide treatment. Diffuse intense inflammatory infiltrate was predominant in primary tumors and diffuse moderate inflammatory infiltrate in metastatic lesions. No statistically significant difference was observed in median survival time (MST) between treatment groups when including all clinical stages (p=0.3177). However, animals diagnosed with distant metastasis treated with surgery and chemotherapy associated with thalidomide or MC presented longer MST when compared to animals treated only with surgery or surgery and chemotherapy (p<0.0001). Conclusion: The proposed multimodal therapy protocols including antiangiogenic and immunomodulatory therapies demonstrated a clinical benefit for patients in advanced clinical stages. Many mammalian species present mammary gland neoplasms similar to breast cancer in women, and the high incidence of spontaneous disease in domestic dogs and cats characterize them as pertinent comparative models (1). Human and canine breast cancer incidence present similar proportional distribution by age and sex (2), and resemblance in type, molecular transformative abnormalities, and behavior. This enables comparative studies involving carcinogenesis and the efficacy of novel therapies in mammary neoplasms in pets (1). Mammary gland neoplasms are the most common neoplasms that affect female dogs (3). Although the optimal extent remains unclear (4), surgery remains the most effective treatment for the disease. Adjuvant therapies may be required for high-risk, undifferentiated and advanced neoplasms (5, 6). Single-agent treatments have been considered less efficacious than combination therapies (7), and in solid tumors, angiogenesis has clearly been associated with metastasis and disease progression (8), and the combination of antiangiogenic strategies with conventional chemotherapy protocols will likely benefit the treatment of malignant tumors (9). In the late 1950s, thalidomide was marketed worldwide as a sedative and a hypnotic, and as an anti-emetic drug in early pregnancy (10). Thalidomide was associated with congenital deformities and peripheral neuropathy, and the drug was 1659 This article is freely accessible online.