Salivary levels of hBDs in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and gingivitis

Yılmaz, Doğukan; Yilmaz, Neslihan; Polat, Reyhan; Nissilä, Verneri; Aydin, Elif Gül; Rautava, Jaana; Gürsoy, Mervi; Gürsoy, Ulvi Kahraman

doi:10.1007/s00784-022-04457-2

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Both reduced [ 36 ] and increased expression of HBD-1 -mRNA were detected in human kidney cell lines (HEK) grown in increasing glucose concentrations [ 37 , 38 ]. Our findings may be supported by recent publications that showed decreased HBD-1, HBD-2 and HBD-3 levels in the saliva of patients with T2DM and decreased HBD-3 levels in saliva of patients with type 1 diabetes [ 39 , 40 ]. Mohanty et al [ 41 ] detected decreased levels of the antimicrobial protein psoriasin in the plasma and urine exfoliated cells of patients with high blood glucose levels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Altered Expression of Antimicrobial Peptides in the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Linn

Menges²,

Lammert

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Antimicrobial peptides (AMP) are essential components of innate immunity with a broad range of antimicrobial activities against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The aim of this study was to investigate AMP expression in the upper gastrointestinal tract in normal and pathological metabolic states in humans. Furthermore, we examined the correlation between vitamin D levels and AMP expression in the same cohort. Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 were measured, and mRNA expression of β-defensins HBD-1, -2, -3, -4, α-defensins HD-5 and -6 and cathelicidin in the upper gastrointestinal tract epithelia were determined by quantitative RT-PCR in 31 individuals (10 with type 2 diabetes, 10 with insulin resistance, and 11 healthy controls). The majority of the cohort showed low vitamin D concentrations, which were negatively correlated with mRNA expression levels of HBD-3 in corpus mucosa. HBD-1 and HBD-3 mRNA were expressed in corpus mucosa, with the former significantly decreased in patients with diabetes. Hence, we conclude that type 2 diabetes is associated with reduced AMP expression in the upper gastrointestinal tract, which might contribute towards epithelial barrier dysfunction and increased bacterial translocation in these patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Altered Expression of Antimicrobial Peptides in the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Linn

Menges²,

Lammert

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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“…hBDs are the predominant form of antimicrobial peptides found in periodontal tissues. The quantitative detection of hBDs in oral fluids has been applied in various oral conditions, and the loss of hBD is not routinely encountered [41,[50][51][52][53][54][55]. Studies have shown that individuals with periodontitis could have higher levels of hBDs in their saliva compared to individuals without periodontitis [52][53][54]56,57].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Cavity Beta-Defensin Levels Are Regulated Differently during Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer Patients

et al. 2023

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Background: Human beta-defensins (hBDs) are small cationic peptides of the epithelium with broad antimicrobial and immune response-regulatory activities. hBDs are also related to oncogenesis, and their secretion profiles are affected by radiotherapy treatment. The present study aimed to investigate the oral cavity hBD 1-3 levels in head and neck cancer patients and its relation to radiotherapy treatment. Methods: Sixteen head and neck cancer patients (all with a history of smoking) were included in this study. Periodontal parameters were measured before radiotherapy, and medical information was collected from registries. Oral rinses of the patients were collected before radiotherapy; on the 1st, 3rd, and 6th weeks of radiotherapy; and the 1st month following the end of radiotherapy. hBD 1–3 levels were measured using ELISA. Results: Oral hBD-1 levels increased during radiotherapy at week 6 (p = 0.019). hBD-1 levels returned to pretreatment levels after the end of radiotherapy. No significant change was detected for hBD-2 or hBD-3 levels during or after radiotherapy. Conclusions: The constant expression of hBD-1, which is distinct from the infection and inflammation-dependent expression profiles of hBD-2 and hBD-3, may explain why this peptide is the only one affected by radiotherapy.

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“…Recently, our group demonstrated that salivary hBD-2 and hBD-3 levels do not relate to the extent of gingival inflammation in children and adolescents [17] nor in adults with periodontitis [18]. To our knowledge, however, there is no study in the literature to compare the expression profile of oral hBDs and HNPs in aged people in this context.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Salivary Human β-Defensin 1-3 and Human α-Defensin-1 Levels in Relation to the Extent of Periodontal Disease and Tooth Loss in the Elderly

Gürsoy

Liukkonen

et al. 2023

JCM

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The oral innate immune response may diminish with aging. In the present study, the aim was to examine human β-defensin (hBD) 1-3 and human neutrophil peptide (HNP)-1 levels in the saliva of an elderly population to establish the extent of periodontal disease and tooth loss. A total of 175 individuals aged ≥ 65 years were divided into five groups based on the number of teeth with a pocket depth ≥ 4 mm as follows: 17 pocket-free individuals (Control), 55 individuals having 1–6 pocket teeth (PerioA), 33 individuals having 7–13 pocket teeth (PerioB), 29 individuals having at least 14 pocket teeth (PerioC), and 41 edentulous individuals. Their salivary defensin levels were measured with ELISA kits. The salivary HNP-1 levels were significantly higher in the Perio groups (PerioB: p < 0.001 and PerioC: p < 0.001) in comparison to the Control. The associations between salivary HNP-1 levels and the number of pocket teeth remained significant after adjustments for age, gender, level of education, and number of teeth. The salivary HNP and hBD levels differed in terms of their correlation to the extent of periodontal disease and tooth loss in the elderly.

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Salivary levels of hBDs in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and gingivitis

Cited by 8 publications

References 37 publications

Altered Expression of Antimicrobial Peptides in the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Altered Expression of Antimicrobial Peptides in the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Oral Cavity Beta-Defensin Levels Are Regulated Differently during Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer Patients

Salivary Human β-Defensin 1-3 and Human α-Defensin-1 Levels in Relation to the Extent of Periodontal Disease and Tooth Loss in the Elderly

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