Salivary glycoproteins as indicators of oral diseases

Abstract

The present study deals with the estimation of total carbohydrate, protein bound carbohydrate, bound fucose and sialic acid along with total protein in disease conditions like gingivitis, periodontitis and their comparison with the normals.The neutral hexose values in gingivitis (8.08±2.20mg/100mg protein) and periodontitis (12.5±2.16mg/ 100mg protein) decreased significantly when expressed per 100 mg protein compared to normals (19.8±1.89mg/100mg protein). This might be because of higher protein concentration in these two clinical conditions. The ethanol insoluble hexose values were significantly reduced in both these conditions compared to controls (3.71±1.64,5.91±1.63,7.65±0.86mg/100mg protein respectively). The ethanol soluble hexose values were also found to be drastically reduced. This decrease in saliva appears to be characteristic feature of oral diseases. In gingivitis and periodontitis fucose level was found to be increased compared to normals when expressed as a function of salivary volume. However in terms of protein concentration the values in gingivitis (2.95±1.59), periodontitis (3.26±0.98) and normals (3.20±0.50mg/100mg) were not different. Sialic acid in ethanol insoluble fraction of salivary samples mg/100mg protein was found to be significantly reduced in both gingivitis (0.78±0.33) and periodontitis (0.95±0.31) compared to controls (1.92±0.33).

Salivary Glycoconjugates as Biomarkers of Chronic Periodontitis

“…5 Most prominent feature in periodontal diseases is connective tissue breakdown, more specifically degradation of extracellular matrix. 6 Because of increasing prevalence and co morbidities, screening and diagnostic modalities for the early identification of oral disease initiation and progression as well as objective measures for response to therapy, are being sought. 5 Saliva is an underused diagnostic tool.…”

Evaluation of salivary α-L-Fucose and its related parameters in periodontitis

“…L-fucosidase,which is a lysosomal enzyme present in all mammalian cells, and an important enzyme for fucose catabolism. It is also responsible for the alteration of fucosylation status of glycoproteins 16 . The results of salivary total protein showed a significant increase in moderate and advanced periodontitis subgroups when compared to normal group.…”

“…It is found on various cell membranes and play an important role in cell-cell adhesion 14 . Studies have been shown that, serum and salivary fucose and its related parameters are important in the detection of oral disease (gingivitis, periodontitis and oral cancer) 15,16 . The present work was designed to evaluate the salivary fucose and its related parameters in patients with periodontitis.…”

The Histopathological Effect of Local Injection of Fucose on Bone Fracture :An Experimental Study on Rabbits

“…Fucose is a powerful immune modulator .It is distributed in macrophages, playing a vital role in immune function. Studies showed the importance of serum, saliva and gingival fluid fucose and its related parameters in the detection of oral disease, such as; gingivitis, periodontitis and oral cancers (8,9,10,11,12) . Researchers have shown that fucose has an important effect on inhibiting and reversing disease processes like inflammation, immunity, leukemia ,and breast cancer, including the suppression of tumors (13,14,15) .…”