Saline Culture of Crops: A Genetic Approach

Epstein, Emanuel; Norlyn, J. D.; Rush, Dale W.; Kingsbury, Ralph W.; Kelley, David B.; Cunningham, Glen A.; Wrona, Anne F.

doi:10.1126/science.210.4468.399

Cited by 575 publications

(252 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Salt induces osmotic stress by preventing absorption of water from soil and the result is the increase of the concentration of the potentially toxic salt ions within plant cells. In order to overcome the deleterious effects of soil salinity on yields of crops, the development of salt tolerant varieties is critically important (Epstein et al 1980) Many studies on seed germination and growth under salinity have shown that seeds reach their best germination rate and seedling development in non-saline media and are very sensitive to the elevation of salinity in the milieu which causes reduced germination rate, low chlorophyll content and poor growth (Qados et al 2011;Cokkizgin 2012;Mena et al 2015). Salinity tolerance is defined as the ability of plants to continuously grow under salt stress conditions (Munns 2002).…”

Section: Study Site and Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic variation in tolerance to salinity of common beans cultivated in Western Cameroon as assessed at germination and during early seedling growth

et al. 2017

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Open Agriculture. 2017; 2: 600-610 bean genotypes and most of their interactions. Significant correlations were found between all germination variables and between most growth parameters. From the effect of salt application, the common bean genotypes namely KEB-CB049, KEB-CB053 and Mac-33 were the most tolerant while KEB-CB055 and KEB-CB050 were the most sensitive. The results confirm that there is genotypic variation in salinity tolerance and that the most tolerant genotypes should be further explored in selection programs, with the aim that they should be promoted for cultivation in tropical zones affected by salinity.

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Section: Study Site and Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic variation in tolerance to salinity of common beans cultivated in Western Cameroon as assessed at germination and during early seedling growth

et al. 2017

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“…Studies have been mainly focused salinity is aggravated in coastal areas where urban on the reproductive biology of the genus (Campbell, and industrial consumption of water can often result 1915;1922;Armenise, 1957). More recently, the in seawater being drawn into groundwater supply breeding characteristics and pollen production of P. (Epstein et al, 1980). Therefore, soil salinity is /afz/o/m and P. an^Ms^i/o/m were investigated (Lepart sometimes a key factor in determining the ecological & Dommee, 1992; Aronne & Wilcock, 1992;1993).…”

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confidence: 99%

Salinity tolerance in Phillyrea species

et al. 1997

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SUMMARYThe genus Phillyrea includes woody shruh species of Mediterranean maquis which can he found occasionally in saline soils or areas exposed to salt aerosols. To test salinity tolerance in Phillyrea latifolia L., plants were grown in 1-1 containers and exposed to different levels of salinity in a glasshouse over two growing seasons. Plants survived exposure to NaCl concentrations of up to 500 mM NaCl for 4 months. Analysis of the growth response to increasing salinity showed that shoot elongation was inhibited by 50% at 123 and 135 mM external NaCI after 31 and 123 d of salt treatment, respectively. Growth parameters were completely inhibited by treatment with 300 mM external NaCl for 64 d. High salt tolerance in Phillyrea plants was the result of both exclusion and secretion mechanisms. Secretion of ions occurred via salt glands present mainly on the abaxial surface of the leaf. Salt glands occurred alone or in pairs and were typically formed by a highly vacuolated collecting cell, a stalk cell and a group of 10-16 secretory cells. The mean diameter of the glands was 54 fim and the average density was 6-1 mm-2 (abaxial side). Peaks of Cl, K, Ca, Na, Si, Mg, Fe and Cu were detected in salt crystals near glands by X-ray microprobe analysis. This is the first report of salt glands in the Oleaceae family and of their role in salinity tolerance in Phillyrea species.

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“…Os calos embriogênicos a nível celular são compostos, em sua maioria, por células meristemáticas com dimensões relativamente pequenas e com citoplasma denso (Tomes, 1985). Em milho, estes calos são classificados como calos compactos ou do tipo I, como relatado em nosso trabalho, e calos friáveis ou do tipo II (Green et al, 1983;Armstrong & Green, 1985). Estes mesmos autores comentam que o tipo de calo está relacionado com a idade do embrião, o genótipo e principalmente com a concentração de sacarose e prolina no meio.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…A crescente salinização do solo e da água ameaça a agricultura de zonas áridas e semi-áridas, bem como de outras regiões do mundo (Epstein et al, 1980). Plantas cultivadas em ambientes com excesso de NaCl apresentam primeiramente uma inibição no crescimento, freqüentemente acompanhada pela presença de áreas necrosadas nas folhas.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Crescimento de calos embriogênicos de milho submetidos ao estresse salino<A NAME="top"></A>

Bezerra

Willadino

Câmara

2001

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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RESUMO: A salinidade do solo é um problema muito importante em áreas irrigadas do semi-árido brasileiro, onde o milho é uma cultura de subsistência. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o efeito de concentrações de NaCl sobre calos embriogênicos, da cultivar Jatinã C3 Anão, uma importante cultivar de milho no Nordeste do Brasil. A indução dos calos foi feita a partir de embriões imaturos assepticamente retirados das sementes e inoculados em meio de cultura N6 suplementado com 2 mg L -1 de 2,4-D. Os calos embriogênicos foram submetidos a diferentes concentrações de cloreto de sódio (0; 50; 100; 150 e 200 mmol L -1 de NaCl), com três repetições durante 60 dias. Os calos submetidos a 100 mmol L -1 de NaCl apresentaram aumento no conteúdo de prolina na ordem de 37% quando comparado com o nível de 50 mmol L -1 de NaCl, sugerindo um efeito positivo da acumulação deste aminoácido em resposta ao estresse salino. Por outro lado, em elevadas concentrações salinas (150 e 200 mmol L -1 ) observou-se decréscimo no crescimento dos calos, bem como redução nos teores de prolina, provavelmente em função de um aumento da fração não embriogênica dos calos. Palavras-chave: Zea mays, salinidade, embriogênese somática, prolina EMBRYOGENIC CALLUS GROWTH OF MAIZE SUBMITTED TO SALT STRESSABSTRACT: Soil salinity is a very important problem in irrigated areas of the brazilian semi-arid area, where maize is a subsistence crop. To study the effect of NaCl concentrations in embryogenic calli of Jatinã C3 Anão, an important maize cultivar of the Northest of Brazil, calli were induced using immature embryos aseptically removed from the seeds and grown on N6 medium supplemented with 2 mg L -1 of 2,4-D. To study the effect of salinity in vitro, embryogenic calli were subjected to different concentrations of sodium chloride (0; 50; 100; 150 and 200 mmol L -1 of NaCl), in three replicates, during 60 days. Calli subjected up to100 mmol L -1 NaCl showed proline concentration 37% higher than callus treated with 50 mmol L -1 NaCl. This result suggests a positive effect of proline accumulation at salt stress conditions. However, at the highest concentration tested (150-200 mmol L -1 NaCl) as lower growth and also a lower proline accumulation was observed, probably due to an increase of the non embryogenic fraction of calli.

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Saline Culture of Crops: A Genetic Approach

Cited by 575 publications

References 35 publications

Genotypic variation in tolerance to salinity of common beans cultivated in Western Cameroon as assessed at germination and during early seedling growth

Genotypic variation in tolerance to salinity of common beans cultivated in Western Cameroon as assessed at germination and during early seedling growth

Salinity tolerance in Phillyrea species

Crescimento de calos embriogênicos de milho submetidos ao estresse salino<A NAME="top"></A>

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