Rumen protozoa of different ages of beef cattle raised in tropical pastures during the dry season

Duarte, Eduardo Robson; Abrão, Flávia Oliveira; Ribeiro, Izabella Carolina Oliveira; Vieira, Estéfano Aparecido; Nigri, Ana Carolina; Silva, Kellerson Luiz; Júnior, Gercino Ferreira Virgínio; Barreto, Silene Maria Prates; Geraseev, Luciana Castro

doi:10.1080/09712119.2018.1530676

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…The changes in the rumen volume regarding the feed changes were also observed in other ruminants (Kamler et al, 2003 ). Some studies also suggest the effects of animal age, sex, and weight on the ciliate population (Clauss et al, 2011 ; Duarte et al, 2018 ). Our correlation analysis revealed no effects of animal sex on ciliates counts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rumen Ciliated Protozoa of the Free-Living European Bison (Bison bonasus, Linnaeus)

et al. 2021

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This study aims to perform population analysis of the rumen ciliated protozoa of the free-living European bison (wisent, Bison bonasus, Linnaeus). The samples of the rumen fluid from the 18 bison subjected to the controlled culls within the free-ranging population in the Bialowieza primeval forest in Poland were collected and examined. The examined ciliates population consisted of the species of the families Isotrichidae and Ophryoscolecidae. There were 12 genera (Isotricha, Dasytricha, Diplodinium, Elytroplastron, Entodinium, Eodinium, Epidinium, Eremoplastron, Eudiplodinium, Metadinium, Ophryoscolex, and Ostracodinium) and 32 morphospecies of the ciliates. We observed the prevalence of a type B protozoan population (56% animals) with the typical Epidinium and Eudiplodinium genera members. Other examined animals possessed the mixed A–B population with Ophryoscolex genus, distinct for type A ciliate population. The average total ciliates count was 2.77 ± 1.03 × 105/ml (mean ± SD). The most abundant genera were Entodinium, 83%, and Dasytricha, 14%. The abundance of other genera was <1% of the total count. Within the 16 Entodinium species determined, the most abundant species was Entodinium nanellum (16.3% of total ciliates count). The average Shannon–Wiener diversity index was 2.1 ± 0.39, evenness was 0.7 ± 0.11, and species richness was 24 ± 3.0 (mean ± SD). Our study is the first report on the population composition and diversity of rumen ciliates of European bison. The composition and counts of ciliate genera and species were similar to the composition and counts of the rumen ciliated protozoa of American bison and many other kinds of free-living and domestic ruminants. Our European bison ciliate population analysis has shown medium ciliate density and high diversity typical for large free-living ruminants with mixed feeding behavior.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rumen Ciliated Protozoa of the Free-Living European Bison (Bison bonasus, Linnaeus)

et al. 2021

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“…In that study, Duarte et al . [ 38 ] detected a higher population of protozoa (1.7±9.1×10 4 /mL) in the ruminal fluid. The lower concentration of ciliates observed in the calves evaluated in this study could be justified by the nutritional conditions of the hay used, which had low protein levels and high proportions of lignin, in addition to the fact that the animals remained in isolated stalls, which could have influenced colonization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another study, Duarte et al . [ 38 ] detected Buetschilia as the genus of ruminal ciliates most identified in Nellore calves that were raised in tropical pastures during the dry season, without supplementation. The diversity of the genera of these eukaryotes may indicate a healthy ruminal environment [ 40 ], as even in the dry season, it was possible to observe this in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and microbiota of the digestive tract of Nellore calves supplemented with fungi isolated from bovine rumen

et al. 2021

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Background and Aim: In tropical semiarid regions, supplementation with fungi could contribute to rumen modulation, promoting greater production of fibrolytic enzymes and degradation of forage. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of supplementation with fungi, isolated from the bovine rumen, on the performance and microbiota of the digestive tract of Nellore calves. Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks evaluating eight Nellore calves that were daily supplemented with isolates of Aspergillus terreus and Trichoderma longibrachiatum, along with eight calves that were not supplemented. After 55 days, the animals were weighed, and samples of rumen fluid and feces were collected for analysis. The characteristics that showed normal distribution were subjected to analysis of variance and compared using Tukey's test. Whereas, the variables that did not show normal distribution were subjected to the Kruskal–Wallis test, and the frequencies of the bacterial and fungal genera were compared using the Chi-square test. Results: Supplementation with fungi promoted the reduction in ruminal pH (p<0.05). However, the final live weight; average daily weight gain; total weight gain; rumen protozoa; and the count of Enterobacteriaceae, mycelial fungi, and yeasts of ruminal fluid and feces were not influenced by supplementation (p>0.05). Moreover, the protozoa Eodinium spp. was identified only in supplemented calves (p<0.05). Conclusion: Supplementation with the fungi presented the potential for use as possible additives because it did not alter the physiological parameters of the facultative anaerobic microbiota composition in the rumen and feces. In addition, it favored the presence of the ciliate genus Eodinium. However, further studies should be performed to better define suitable dosages for supplementation.

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“…In the only study in beef calves at 6–8 months of age, Duarte et al . (2018) found a diversity of protozoal genera in the rumen of Nelore calves, but these calves are too old for comparisons to calves up to 60 days. Protozoa colonization may be delayed compared to bacteria because protozoa are sensitive to the lower ruminal pH characteristics of pre-weaning calves possibly to milk escape and subsequent lactic fermentation, as mentioned by Dias et al .…”

Section: Microbial Colonization Of the Gitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial colonization of the gastrointestinal tract of dairy calves – a review of its importance and relationship to health and performance

Júnior

Bittar

2021

Anim. Health. Res. Rev.

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This review aims to explain how microbial colonization of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in young dairy calves is related to health and, consequently, to the performance of these animals. The review addresses everything from the fundamental aspects of microbial colonization to the current understanding about the microbiota manipulation to improve performance in adult animals. The ruminal microbiota is the most studied, mainly due to the high interest in the fermentative aspects, the production of short-chain fatty acids, and microbial proteins, and its effects on animal production. However, in recent years, the intestinal microbiota has gained space between studies, mainly due to the relationship to the host health and how it affects performance. Understanding how the GIT's microbiota looks like and how it is colonized may allow future studies to predict the best timing for dietary interventions as a way to manipulate it and, consequently, improve the health and performance of young ruminants.

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Rumen protozoa of different ages of beef cattle raised in tropical pastures during the dry season

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

Rumen Ciliated Protozoa of the Free-Living European Bison (Bison bonasus, Linnaeus)

Rumen Ciliated Protozoa of the Free-Living European Bison (Bison bonasus, Linnaeus)

Performance and microbiota of the digestive tract of Nellore calves supplemented with fungi isolated from bovine rumen

Microbial colonization of the gastrointestinal tract of dairy calves – a review of its importance and relationship to health and performance

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