Root consumption and damage estimates caused by Phyllophaga capillata and Aegopsis bolboceridus (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae) larvae in soybean and maize in central Brazil
“…Poškodbe korenin, ki jih povzročijo ogrci prve in druge larvalne stopnje, so sorazmerno majhne. Največjo škodo povzročijo ogrci tretje larvalne stopnje, saj lahko zmanjšajo koreninski sistem pri soji za približno 25 % in 64 % pri koruzi (Oliveira in Frizzas, 2021). Pomemben škodljivec soje in koruze je tudi japonski hrošč (Popillia japonica Newman, 1841).…”
Section: Pahljačniki Kot šKodljivci Na Ob-delovalnih Zemljiščih Travi...unclassified
<p class="042abstractstekst">Scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) are a cosmopolitan group of beetles found on all continents except Antarctica. Because of their size, vibrant colors, and above all their role in the ecosystem, they are one of the most recognizable and studied taxons of beetles. Most larvae and adult beetles of species belonging to subfamilies Melolonthinae, Rutelinae, Dynastinae and Cetoniinae feed on plant organs such as roots, leaves, flowers and young fruits and are thus considered to be species of economic importance. In this article we describe some of the most economically important species of scarabs, including their most common host plants. Because the use of chemical insecticides to control scarabs is often limited, the implementation of entomopathogenic fungi as biological control agents is an appropriate alternative based on the rational use of microorganisms to maintain an environmentally balanced level of the pest population. Representatives of the genera <em>Beauveria</em> and <em>Metarhizium</em> are the most commonly used entomopathogenic fungi to control larvae (white grubs) of scarab beetles. Biological control by entomopathogenic fungi has shown to be effective in some cases, however host range is often species-specific. Therefore, in order to effectively use the entomopathogens against scarab beetles, one needs to identify target species in grub-infested area and consequently select strains that are capable of overcoming the host’s defences.</p>
“…Poškodbe korenin, ki jih povzročijo ogrci prve in druge larvalne stopnje, so sorazmerno majhne. Največjo škodo povzročijo ogrci tretje larvalne stopnje, saj lahko zmanjšajo koreninski sistem pri soji za približno 25 % in 64 % pri koruzi (Oliveira in Frizzas, 2021). Pomemben škodljivec soje in koruze je tudi japonski hrošč (Popillia japonica Newman, 1841).…”
Section: Pahljačniki Kot šKodljivci Na Ob-delovalnih Zemljiščih Travi...unclassified
<p class="042abstractstekst">Scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) are a cosmopolitan group of beetles found on all continents except Antarctica. Because of their size, vibrant colors, and above all their role in the ecosystem, they are one of the most recognizable and studied taxons of beetles. Most larvae and adult beetles of species belonging to subfamilies Melolonthinae, Rutelinae, Dynastinae and Cetoniinae feed on plant organs such as roots, leaves, flowers and young fruits and are thus considered to be species of economic importance. In this article we describe some of the most economically important species of scarabs, including their most common host plants. Because the use of chemical insecticides to control scarabs is often limited, the implementation of entomopathogenic fungi as biological control agents is an appropriate alternative based on the rational use of microorganisms to maintain an environmentally balanced level of the pest population. Representatives of the genera <em>Beauveria</em> and <em>Metarhizium</em> are the most commonly used entomopathogenic fungi to control larvae (white grubs) of scarab beetles. Biological control by entomopathogenic fungi has shown to be effective in some cases, however host range is often species-specific. Therefore, in order to effectively use the entomopathogens against scarab beetles, one needs to identify target species in grub-infested area and consequently select strains that are capable of overcoming the host’s defences.</p>
Mark-release-recapture studies have been used to evaluate the dispersal ability of different insect species.In the eld, we evaluated the dispersal ability of the soil pest species Phyllophaga capillata (Blanchard) (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae) in soybean (Glycine max L.) crop, and the ight activity of this species under controlled conditions. Field studies were conducted on a soybean seed production farm in Planaltina/DF, Brazil. On four dates, adults of P. capillata were collected, sexed, marked and released in a soybean plot (~ 230 ha). Twelve light traps were set in three concentric circles, with four traps each, at distances of 50, 150 and 250 m from the point of adult release. Under controlled conditions, groups of adults (males and females) were separated into pots containing soil, and the ight ability of the specimens was evaluated daily for 72 h. The average recapture rate of adults was 1.93% for the four collection dates. The highest recapture rate was observed at a distance of 50 m, at the beginning and middle of the swarming period, and at 250 m at the end of the swarm. Males, in general, were more active than females and reached the greatest distance of displacement (250 m). Most specimens (69.5% of males and 52.9% of females) were prone to leave the ground on the three consecutive days of the study. These results provide insights for understanding the dispersal patterns of this pest species in agricultural landscapes.
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