Roles and Clinical Applications of Exosomes in Cardiovascular Disease

Guo, Dong; Xu, Yiming; Ding, Jian; Dong, Jiaying; Jia, Ning; Li, Yan; Zhang, Mingming

doi:10.1155/2020/5424281

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Nearly all cell types can spontaneously create or produce exosomes under certain stimuli, and the generation of exosomes involves double invagination. The first invagination of exosomes occurs via inward budding of the plasma membrane to form a cup-shaped intracellular endosomal compartment that contains cell-surface proteins, fluid, and extracellular constituents such as proteins, lipids, and metabolites ( 71 ). Further invagination of the intracellular endosomes forms multivesicular bodies (MVBs) that contain specific intraluminal vesicles of various sizes and specific content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Bibliometric Analysis of Exosomes in Cardiovascular Diseases From 2001 to 2021

Guan

Song

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Background: Exosomes in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have become an active research field with substantial value and potential. Nevertheless, there are few bibliometric studies in this field. We aimed to visualize the research hotspots and trends of exosomes in CVDs using a bibliometric analysis to help understand the future development of basic and clinical research.Methods: The articles and reviews regarding exosomes in the CVDs were culled from the Web of Science Core Collection, and knowledge maps were generated using CiteSpace and VOSviewer software.Results: A total of 1,039 articles were included. The number of exosome articles in the CVDs increased yearly. These publications came from 60 countries/regions, led by the US and China. The primary research institutions were Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Nanjing Medical University. Circulation Research was the journal and co-cited journal with the most studies. We identified 473 authors among which Lucio Barile had the most significant number of articles and Thery C was co-cited most often. After analysis, the most common keywords are myocardium infarction, microRNA and mesenchymal stem cells. Ischemic heart disease, pathogenesis, regeneration, stem cells, targeted therapy, biomarkers, cardiac protection, and others are current and developing areas of study.Conclusion: We identified the research hotspots and trends of exosomes in CVDs using bibliometric and visual methods. Research on exosomes is flourishing in the cardiovascular medicine. Regenerative medicine, exosome engineering, delivery vehicles, and biomarkers will likely become the focus of future research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Bibliometric Analysis of Exosomes in Cardiovascular Diseases From 2001 to 2021

Guan

Song

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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“…Exosomes have a central role in intercellular communication in the heart, which is important in the maintenance of physiological cardiac homeostasis and the stress response [ 143 ]. They are involved in multiple physiological and pathological cardiovascular processes, and they have a key role in regulating CVD progression through the transport of signal molecules [ 144 ].…”

Section: Exosomes In Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As mentioned above, exosomes are messengers exchanging signal molecules among cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells (EC), and the immune system, leading to the regulation of cardiac apoptosis, hypertrophy, angiogenesis, fibrosis, inflammation, and immune response. Cardiac exosomes derive from different cell sources and can exert beneficial effects or adverse effects in the various pathological processes [ 144 ].…”

Section: Exosomes In Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomics of Extracellular Vesicles: Update on Their Composition, Biological Roles and Potential Use as Diagnostic Tools in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases

et al. 2020

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid-bound vesicles released from cells under physiological and pathological conditions. Basing on biogenesis, dimension, content and route of secretion, they can be classified into exosomes, microvesicles (MVs) and apoptotic bodies. EVs have a key role as bioactive mediators in intercellular communication, but they are also involved in other physiological processes like immune response, blood coagulation, and tissue repair. The interest in studying EVs has increased over the years due to their involvement in several diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and their potential role as biomarkers in diagnosis, therapy, and in drug delivery system development. Nowadays, the improvement of mass spectrometry (MS)-based techniques allows the characterization of the EV protein composition to deeply understand their role in several diseases. In this review, a critical overview is provided on the EV’s origin and physical properties, as well as their emerging functional role in both physiological and disease conditions, focusing attention on the role of exosomes in CVDs. The most important cardiac exosome proteomic studies will be discussed giving a qualitative and quantitative characterization of the exosomal proteins that could be used in future as new potential diagnostic markers or targets for specific therapies.

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“…And the characteristics of miRNA contained in exosomes hinge on their cell sources. Furthermore, increasing researchers have realized the e ciency and convenience of detecting exosomal content from blood which was called liquid biopsy in some cancer types [8][9][10][11][12]. Combined with tumor speci city of miRNAs, it could serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in years to come.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

m6A related exosome gene siganture in colon cancer identifies distinct microenvironment characterization and immunotherapeutical responses

Zheng

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Gradually, more researches pay attention to the potential relationship between N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of RNA and immunity in tumor microenvironment (TME). Therefore, they developed unique scoring modes through detecting level of m6A in various tumors to learn immune phenotypes. Nevertheless, direct detection always is harmful even fatal to patients. Recent studies demonstrated that exosomes in body fluid would deliver RNA with m6A modification from tumors. Methods Through analyzing datasets from 1066 colon cancer samples, m6A-related exosome genes modification patterns which based on 59 m6A-related exosome genes was classified. Then we used MREGS to calculate modification patterns of each tumor with PCA algorithm. Results In accordance with 59 m6A-related exosome gene, we indicated that there were distinguishing characteristics of TME cell infiltration in three different m6A-related exosome gene modification patterns. Three immune cell infiltration profiles (immune-inflamed, immune-desert and immune-excluded) were pronouncedly relevant with the identified patterns in aspects of immune activation, EMT- and TGFβ-related pathways and activity of stroma in TME. We also discovered that tumor molecular subtypes, genetic aberrant expression and patients’ outcomes could be evaluated by identified modification patterns. Furthermore, patients in lower MREGS group, featured as prolonged lifespan and advantageous immune activation, was associated with high tumor mutation burden (TMB) and good prognosis with anti-PDL1 immune therapy. Conclusion Detecting the level of m6A methylation of exosomes in patients’ serum, MREGS could be utilized for assessing m6A-related exosome gene modification patterns of each patient and their own matching characteristics of TME cell infiltration, and next ascertain immunological classifications of tumors and assist clinicians to tailor optimal treatment for patients.

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Roles and Clinical Applications of Exosomes in Cardiovascular Disease

Cited by 32 publications

References 70 publications

A Bibliometric Analysis of Exosomes in Cardiovascular Diseases From 2001 to 2021

A Bibliometric Analysis of Exosomes in Cardiovascular Diseases From 2001 to 2021

Proteomics of Extracellular Vesicles: Update on Their Composition, Biological Roles and Potential Use as Diagnostic Tools in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases

m6A related exosome gene siganture in colon cancer identifies distinct microenvironment characterization and immunotherapeutical responses

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