Role Theory in International Relations

Harnisch, Sebastian

doi:10.1093/obo/9780199743292-0226

Cited by 22 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“… A similar interactionist perspective can be found in recent work on role theory in international relations and other research that has made strong claims about the co‐constitutive nature of structural and institutional constraints and the characteristics of agents (e.g., Barnett & Duvall, ; Bueno de Mesquita, Smith, Siverson, & Morrow, ; Carlsnaes, ; Chiozza & Goemans, ; Giddens, ; Shannon & Kowert, ; Thies, ). Studies on national role conceptions, for example, see egos interacting with others and with normative structures to identify appropriate patterns of behavior (e.g., Harnisch, Frank, & Maull, ; McCourt, ). Strong empirical evidence, however, about how the co‐constitution between agent and structure influence the decision‐making process or the outcome, however, has been lacking (e.g., Barnett & Duvall, ; Dessler, ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality or Role? Comparisons of Turkish Leaders Across Different Institutional Positions

Çuhadar

Kaarbo

Kesgin

et al. 2016

Political Psychology

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Personality approaches to politics are often criticized for not examining the effect that institutional role constraints have on individual beliefs and preferences. When leaders appear to change their stance when they change roles, it is assumed that roles have a determining influence. Modern personality theory and contemporary sociological role theory, however, view the effects of roles as interacting with agents' personalities. In this article, we investigate this question by comparing personality profiles of three Turkish leaders ( € Ozal, Demirel, and G€ ul) during their tenure as prime minister and during their subsequent time as president. For G€ ul, we perform an additional comparison during his time as foreign minister. The personality profiles are in the form of quantitative scores generated from machine-coded content analysis of leaders' words using the Leadership Trait Analysis method. We hypothesize that different leaders will be more susceptible to changing role contexts, depending on core personality traits, and that different traits are more likely to change with new roles. Overall, our results suggest that leaders' traits are fairly resistant to changes across roles and that task orientation is the most likely trait to change as leaders adapt to different role demands and expectations. This study makes a contribution to our understanding of the interaction between personality and political contexts by offering specific theoretically derived hypotheses and by empirically and statistically examining a preliminary set of expectations that could be applied more broadly to other leaders.When leaders change their political and institutional position, many would expect them to adapt to that new position. Their expressed beliefs and style of engaging with others might change with different role demands, expectations of role-appropriate behavior, and the powers and incentives associated with the position. When leaders do adapt to new roles, this change in 1 0162-895X

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confidence: 99%

Personality or Role? Comparisons of Turkish Leaders Across Different Institutional Positions

Çuhadar

Kaarbo

Kesgin

et al. 2016

Political Psychology

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“…This dialogic and relational theorisation of identity overlaps with the approach taken by another popular IR theoryrole theory (Holsti 1970, Harnisch et al 2011. It stresses the importance of mutual perceptions between the Self and Other in external relations.…”

Section: Connecting Strategic Narrative To Perceptions Researchmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…It stresses the importance of mutual perceptions between the Self and Other in external relations. It takes an actor's role conceptions (its perceptions of appropriate behaviour, given a certain context) but also role prescriptions (its expectations of external actors) (Harnisch et al 2011). And while the consideration of mutuality is groundbreaking, the theory seems to overlook the longitudinal aspect in the role prescriptions and conceptions.…”

Section: Connecting Strategic Narrative To Perceptions Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding EU crisis diplomacy in the European neighbourhood: strategic narratives and perceptions of the EU in Ukraine, Israel and Palestine

Chaban

O’Loughlin

2019

European Security

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This Special Issue seeks to better understand the role of communication and perception in EU crisis diplomacy. In a recent Special Issue in this journal, Catarina Kinnvall, Ian Manners and Jennifer Mitzen argue that, " … the greatest security challenge facing people across Europe is not physical, despite the threats of Putin and ISIS, but is a sense of fear and anxiety over their daily lives" [2018. Introduction to 2018 Special Issue of European Security: "Ontological (in)security in the European Union". European security, 27 (3), 249-265]. We take an interdisciplinary approach to widen the scope of studies on European security and offer new avenues for further research into how citizens in the EU's neighbourhood understand the security challenges they face and the role the EU plays in addressing these. Through this, we aim to bring theoretical and methodological innovation to understanding the role of the EU as an external actor.

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“…Various states perceive human rights norms as 'universal' or 'unalienable' principles that form the backbone of their constitutional laws. Role theory describes how such national identities may affect social interactions in international relations (Harnisch et al, 2011). Hence, it is plausible that human rights norms, as key elements of state identities, affect the social interactions of states.…”

Section: 'Human Rights Cultures' In Igosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instrumental or intrinsic? Human rights alignment in intergovernmental organizations

Weyrauch

Steinert

2021

Rev Int Organ

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Why do states’ human rights records converge with co-members in intergovernmental organizations (IGOs)? This study provides new insights on whether interactions in IGOs have the capacity to genuinely transform state preferences or whether norm diffusion is a consequence of instrumental processes. We leverage information about the timing of human rights alignment to disentangle intrinsic from instrumental motives. We hypothesize that instrumental motives find expression in pre-membership alignment and reversions to original normative standards after IGO exits. Intrinsic motives lead to gradual alignment during IGO membership and result in stable normative changes beyond IGO exits. Using varying-slopes, varying intercepts models, we investigate the distance on human rights indices between individual states and IGO means. While we find evidence for systematic convergence during IGO membership, no significant changes occur before and after IGO membership. Testing alignment of different physical integrity rights, we find no evidence for instrumental shifts to clandestine repression during IGO membership. Overall, the results suggest that norm alignment in IGOs is at least not exclusively instrumentally motivated. Our findings support constructivist arguments on state interests and suggest that IGOs are capable of transforming states’ human rights related preferences.

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Role Theory in International Relations

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Personality or Role? Comparisons of Turkish Leaders Across Different Institutional Positions

Personality or Role? Comparisons of Turkish Leaders Across Different Institutional Positions

Understanding EU crisis diplomacy in the European neighbourhood: strategic narratives and perceptions of the EU in Ukraine, Israel and Palestine

Instrumental or intrinsic? Human rights alignment in intergovernmental organizations

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