Role of Proteomics in Crop Stress Tolerance

Abstract

Plants often experience various biotic and abiotic stresses during their life cycle. The abiotic stresses include mainly drought, salt, temperature (low/high), flooding and nutritional deficiency/excess which hamper crop growth and yield to a great extent. In view of a projection 50% of the crop loss is attributable to abiotic stresses. However, abiotic stresses cause a myriad of changes in physiological, molecular and biochemical processes operating in plants. It is now widely reported that several proteins respond to these stresses at pre- and post-transcriptional and translational levels. By knowing the role of these stress inducible proteins, it would be easy to comprehensively expound the processes of stress tolerance in plants. The proteomics study offers a new approach to discover proteins and pathways associated with crop physiological and stress responses. Thus, studying the plants at proteomic levels could help understand the pathways involved in stress tolerance. Furthermore, improving the understanding of the identified key metabolic proteins involved in tolerance can be implemented into biotechnological applications, regarding recombinant/transgenic formation. Additionally, the investigation of identified metabolic processes ultimately supports the development of antistress strategies. In this review, we discussed the role of proteomics in crop stress tolerance. We also discussed different abiotic stresses and their effects on plants, particularly with reference to stress-induced expression of proteins, and how proteomics could act as vital biotechnological tools for improving stress tolerance in plants.

Proteomic and Metabolomic Analysis of a Drought Tolerant Soybean Cultivar from Brazilian Savanna

“…and CA2 are involved in photosynthesis, and are usually depressed under drought stress in plants [10], and have a great effect on photosynthesis and water use efficiency [31]. Overexpression of CA1 or CA4 decreased stomatal density and improved water use efficiency [31].…”

“…Therefore, the study of proteomics is an approach that could be used to discover proteins and pathways associated with crop physiological and stress responses [10]. Analyses of the soybean leaf proteome have been used to identify the differential expression of various abiotic stressresponsive proteins that regulate many molecular processes and signaling cascades [9,11,12].…”

Multi-Omics Strategies for Decoding Smoke-Assisted Germination Pathways and Seed Vigour

“…The advancement of mass spectrometry-based proteomics has enabled the routine measurements of thousands of proteins in terms of their abundance, localisation, interactions, and modifications while connecting the large-scale data to gene expression regulation and function [ 89 , 90 ]. Targeted and untargeted proteomics experiments have been widely used to investigate crop responses to the abiotic stress [ 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 ]. Proteomics studies have shown that plant-derived smoke water solutions can improve the abiotic stress tolerance capacity in soybean [ 3 ], chickpea [ 93 ] and rice [ 36 ].…”

Integrated omics analysis of specialized metabolism in medicinal plants

“…Understanding the dynamic state of protein abundance and localization, protein–protein and protein–nucleotide interactions or post‐translational modification provides vital clues to explain cellular functionality and its regulation. While proteomics has played an important role in our understanding of plant stress responses under different conditions (Gong et al ., ; Ahmad et al ., ), it has not yet been widely applied to study biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and their regulation in non‐model medicinal plants.…”