Role of nanoparticles in tackling COVID-19 pandemic: a bio-nanomedical approach

Abstract

COVID-19 Pandemic post threats to the life of millions of people across the globe as no specific therapeutics or vaccines have been scientifically proven. In this paper, we discussed the applications of nanoparticles in combating the COVID-19 Pandemic. Nanoparticles have indeed revolutionized medicine often employed for a variety of purposes including therapeutics, nanodevices, biosensors, vaccines, nano drugs, drug carriers, and set to combating the current menace of COVID-19 by providing immense solutions. Nanoparticles play role in tackling infectious diseases via the development of virus-like nanoparticles for the overall improving immune response, point-of-care diagnostic devices for rapid diagnoses, and nano-therapeutics for better treatment.

Potential Application of Bionanoparticles to Treat Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Infection

“…Whereas metal-based nanoparticles stand a vital role in presenting their activity without incorporating drugs. Numerous activities of metalbased nanoparticles are already well documented, like blocking the host-virus interaction in Monkeypox virus, competitive inhibition of herpes simplex virus, prevention of viral binding of hepatitis B, inactivation of tacaribe virus, and retarding viral attachment with glycoprotein to HIV-1 virus (Sadiq et al, 2021). These examples suggest that the metal-based nanoparticles work on different mechanisms like blocking viral replication and inhibiting viral attachment between host and virus.…”

Anti-COVID-19 Nanomaterials: Directions to Improve Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment

“…Various nanotechnology-based devices have been developed that are used to detect the COVID-19 ( Table 4 ). These devices are known as Points of Care devices which are used for diagnosis at a point where the patient is receiving treatments in the diagnostic centers, hospitals, and clinics [ 183 , 184 ]. These devices are based on nanotechnology, which is mainly based on color change, capture and binding, and plasmonic sensing ( Figure 9 ) [ 6 , 183 , 185 ].…”

“…These devices are known as Points of Care devices which are used for diagnosis at a point where the patient is receiving treatments in the diagnostic centers, hospitals, and clinics [ 183 , 184 ]. These devices are based on nanotechnology, which is mainly based on color change, capture and binding, and plasmonic sensing ( Figure 9 ) [ 6 , 183 , 185 ]. These devices are very popular in the current pandemic due to their high biocompatibility, thermal, electrical, and fluorescence conductivity, and other features [ 186 ].…”

Application of nano compounds for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of SARS-coronavirus: A review

“…Micelles, microspheres, dendrimers, bilayers, and liposomes are examples of lipid-based nanomaterials [174]. Liposome NPs, in particular, are widely utilized in the modern delivery of antiviral drugs, including acyclovir, zidovudine, and efavirenz, and show great potential in drug delivery to the lungs for respiratory disease therapy of COVID-19, tuberculosis, and pneumonia [175][176][177]. Liposome NPs have also been evaluated as hopeful viral vaccines [178].…”