Role of Microorganisms in Dandruff

Leyden, James J.; McGinley, Kenneth J.; Kligman, Albert M.

doi:10.1001/archderm.1976.01630270013003

Cited by 64 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Our assessment of the amount of yeasts is in agreement with most previous microscopic studies of dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis [1,2,10,[17][18][19]. It should be noted that examining the full thickness of the squamae is mandatory for a correct evaluation of the fungal load.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Immunohistochemical aspects of the link between Malassezia ovalis and seborrheic dermatitis

Piérard-Franchimont

Arrese

Pierard

1995

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Aim An immunohistochemical study was undertaken to look at immune reaction to Malassezia ovalis in seborrheie dermatitis.Background The role of M. ovalis in sehorrheie dermatitis remains a matter of controversy despite some therapeutic evidence with the use of antifungals, especially ketoconazole.Methods Immunohistochemistry was performed on skin samples to evaluate the density of M. oralis and to disclose deposits of immunoreactants at the level of the yeasts inside the stratum corneum.Results M. oralis was always decorated with the antibody to Factor Xllla, suggesting the presence of a transglutaminase in the yeast wall. Deposits of IgG and C3 were present underneath and in close apposition to collections of M ovalis in seborrheie dermatitis, and absent in control materials, including various types of dermatitis.Conclusion The close topographical relationship between M. ovalis, IgG and C3 deposits is a new evidence suggesting a unique inflammatory reaction to the yeast in seborrheie dermatitis. 0926-9959/95/509.50 © 1995 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved SSDI 0926-9959(94)00038-2 C.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Immunohistochemical aspects of the link between Malassezia ovalis and seborrheic dermatitis

Piérard-Franchimont

Arrese

Pierard

1995

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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“…For instance, in a survey of dandruff 29 carried out in different ethnic groups in the U.S.A. and China, scalp flaking was much commoner, achieving prevalence rates of 81-95% in African-Americans, 66-82% in caucasians, and 30-42% in the Chinese. 32,33 For many years the yeast connection with seborrhoeic dermatitis was overlooked until the development of the new oral antifungal, ketoconazole, led to the observation that patients with dandruff receiving this drug began to improve. For instance, it has been recorded to have a prevalence of 31% in HIV-positive patients, including those on antiretrovirals, 30 and 9AE5% in renal transplant recipients.…”

Section: Seborrhoeic Dermatitis and Dandruffmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malassezia, dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis: an overview

Hay

2011

British Journal of Dermatology

112

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From their original description, fungi of the genus Malassezia (previously Pityrosporum) have been associated with dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis. The principle evidence on which this connection was based was that the organisms were present, often in high numbers, on the skin in these conditions and that both responded to treatment that inhibited or destroyed Malassezia yeasts. The availability of new tools such as genomic and proteomic analyses has begun to provide a new insight into the pathogenetic mechanisms involved. New evidence shows the production of specific phospholipases on affected skin sites in dandruff and signalling molecules such as malassezin in seborrhoeic dermatitis. It is still not clear why those individuals and skin sites, prone to either disease, are particularly associated with the presence of these marker molecules but these studies are providing clues to the different ways in which organisms, which are normally commensals, interact with human skin.

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“…As detailed DNA-based identification techniques are more broadly applied to the Malassezia genus, there will almost certainly be more species identified. While the pathogenic role of Malassezia as the principal causative agent of dandruff and its association with disease severity has been reported (15,17,18,29,30,31) , it was a novel molecular biological technique using terminal fragment length polymorphism (tFLP) analysis that identified M. globosa and M. restricta as the predominant fungal species present on scalps of both dandruff (flaking scores of >24) and normal (flaking scores of <10) scalps ( Fig. 29.7) (32-34).…”

Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shampoos containing selenium sulfide have proven efficacy (15,30,31). Since selenium sulfide is a particulate, efficacy is dependent on the particle size to optimize coverage.…”

Section: Therapies and Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%