Role of iron addition on structure and electrical and magnetic properties of lithium lead borate glasses

Influence of Fe2O3 on the physical, structural and electrical properties of sodium lead borate glasses

“…where a W is the weight in air; b W is the weight in xylene; and b  is the density of xylene ( b  = 0.863 g/cm 3 ). The density data were used to calculate the…”

“…In order to stabilize glass network, many elements have been added to the base matrix. It has been very well known that iron [3], vanadyl [4], BaO [5], titanium dioxide [6] and copper [7] additions affect structure and glass properties in PbO-B 2 O 3 system.…”

IR, density and DTA studies the effect of replacing Pb3O4 by CuO in pseudo-binary Li2B4O7–Pb3O4 glass system

“…The following method are used in the calculation of the fraction N 4 of the four coordinated boron's in the glass, where N 4 = (concentration of BO 4 tetrahedra)/(concentration of BO 3 triangle + concentration of BO 4 tetrahedra) [40]. The obtained values are shown in Fig.…”

The investigation of the influence of lead oxide on the formation and on the structure of lithium diborate glasses

“…The far end of the infrared spectrum ranging from 500 to 200 cm −1 is due to the vibration of lithium cations in their oxygen sites [13,14], which takes into account two dynamic processes [15], the vibration of lithium ion in a negative site and the jump of the lithium ion between equivalent negative sites. Lead oxide (PbO) is unique in its influence on the structure of glasses [16][17][18]. It was observed in the earlier studies that when PbO is added to network forming glasses, it acts as network modifier as well as a network former [17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

“…Lead oxide (PbO) is unique in its influence on the structure of glasses [16][17][18]. It was observed in the earlier studies that when PbO is added to network forming glasses, it acts as network modifier as well as a network former [17][18][19][20][21][22]. Glasses with covalent networks often tend to possess then they were quenched in air and poured at room temperature between two copper plates.…”