Role of comorbidities like diabetes on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2: A review

Das, Subham; Anu, K R; Birangal, Sumit; Nikam, Ajinkya Nitin; Pandey, Abhijeet; Mutalik, Srinivas; Joseph, Alex

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118202

Cited by 59 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 93 publications

(123 reference statements)

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“…To our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis to assess the proportion and mortality of SARS-COV-2 infection in the Iranian DM, CKD, hypertension and CVD patients. Our combined data based on ten studies with 11,755 infected cases and 942 deaths showed that the [21,48,49]. It is well known that allcause mortality rate in patients with DM is higher than in patients without DM [50][51][52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Proportion and mortality of Iranian diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, hypertension and cardiovascular disease patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis

Mirjalili

Dastgheib

Shaker

et al. 2021

J Diabetes Metab Disord

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Background Currently, the number of patients with SARS-COV-2 infection has increased rapidly in Iran, but the risk and mortality of SARS-COV-2 infection in Iranian patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic kidney disease (CKD), hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) still not clear. The aim of this meta-analysis was to estimate the proportion and mortality of SARS-COV-2 in these patients. Methods A comprehensive literature search was carried out in PubMed, Web of Sciences, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CNKI, SciELO, and other databases to identify all relevant studies published up to 10 January, 2020. The proportion and mortality in the patients were assessed by odd ratio (OR) and the corresponding 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI). Results A total of ten case-series including 11,755 cases with SARS-COV-2 infection and 942 deaths were selected. Among them, there were total of 791 DM patients with 186 deaths, 225 CKD patients with 45 deaths, 790 hypertension cases with 86 deaths, and 471 CVDs cases with 60 deaths. Pooled data revealed that the proportion of SARS-COV-2 infection in the patients with hypertension, DM, CVDs and CKD were 21.1 %, 16.3 %, 14.0 % and 5.0 %, respectively. Moreover, the SARS-COV-2 infection were associated with an increased risk of mortality in DM (OR = 0.549, CI 95 % 0.448-0.671, p ≤ 0.001) and CKD (OR = 0.552, 95 % CI 0.367-0.829, p = 0.004) patients, but not hypertension and CVDs. There was no publication bias. Conclusions Our pooled data showed that the proportion of SARS-COV-2 infection was the highest in the Iranian patients with hypertension (21.1 %) followed by DM (16.3 %), CVDs (14.0 %) and CKD (5.0 %). Moreover, DM and CKD in patients with SARS-COV-2 infection were associated with a 0.549 and 0.552-fold increase in mortality, respectively. Clinicians in Iran should be aware of these findings, to identifying patients at higher risk and inform interventions to reduce the risk of death. Moreover, well-designed, large-scale and multicenter studies are needed to improve and validate our findings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Proportion and mortality of Iranian diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, hypertension and cardiovascular disease patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis

Mirjalili

Dastgheib

Shaker

et al. 2021

J Diabetes Metab Disord

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“…ACE-2 is a peptidase enzyme and a membrane glycoprotein, mainly expressed in epithelial cells of the lungs, intestine, kidney and blood vessels to regulate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). This enzyme is the main component that converts Ang-I to Ang-II (Das et al., 2020 ) and angiotensin-I (Ang-I) to peptides, angiotensin (1–7) and angiotensin (1–9), separately. Angiotensin (1–7) is responsible for the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant role (Das et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This enzyme is the main component that converts Ang-I to Ang-II (Das et al., 2020 ) and angiotensin-I (Ang-I) to peptides, angiotensin (1–7) and angiotensin (1–9), separately. Angiotensin (1–7) is responsible for the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant role (Das et al., 2020 ). Human dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) was identified as a functional receptor for the spike protein of the SARS CoV-2 viral entry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive medicinal metabolites fromMomordica dioicaagainst comorbidity related proteins of SARS-CoV-2 infections

Sakshi¹,

Harikrishnan

Selvakumar

et al. 2021

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics

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Momordica dioica have proven medicinal potential of antidiabetic, antiviral and immune stimulating properties. Flavonoids and triterpenoids from M. dioica were more extensively investigated for antiviral, antidiabetic and immunomodulatory activities. In this present study, we have predicted the reported bioactive flavonoids and triterpenoids of the plant against the SARS-CoV-2 main protease, RNAdependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), spike protein, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE-2) receptor and dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP4) receptor through molecular docking and in silico ADME predictions methods. According to the binding affinities, the two triterpenoids, hederagenin and oleanolic acid exhibited the best docking scores with these proteins than the catechin and quercetin with compared to standard remdesivir, favipiravir and hydroxychloroquine. The in vitro protein-drug studies have also showed significant interaction of catechin and quercetin compounds than standard drugs. The in silico binding studies correlated with the in silico binding studies. Further, M. dioica being used as antidiabetic and its metabolite had significant interaction with DDP4, a comorbidity protein involved in aiding the viral entry. Out of all the natural ligands, quercetin was reported relatively good and safe for humans with high gastrointestinal tract permeability and poor blood brain barrier crossing abilities. Hence, M. dioica phytocompounds reflects promising therapeutic properties against SARS-CoV-2 infections under comorbid conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and kidney disorders.

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“…Diabetes is one of the known comorbidity factors for COVID-19 [ 6 , 7 ]. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus increased from 108 million in 1980 to 422 million in 2014 according to the WHO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ICAM-1 levels in patients with covid-19 with diabetic foot ulcers: A prospective study in southeast asia

Oley

Kepel

et al. 2021

Annals of Medicine &Amp; Surgery

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Background Viral infection can compound the severity of pre-existing inflammation caused by underlying diseases. For those with a chronic, immune-related condition such as diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) serves to exacerbate the inflammatory burden. Serum levels of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), a primary mediator of cell adhesion express in the inflammatory process, are often used to indicate the gravity of all inflammatory conditions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate serum ICAM-1 levels before and after debridement in patients with DFUs who were also diagnosed as COVID-19 positive compared with those who were COVID-19 negative. Methods 20 patients with DFUs were screened for COVID-19 and then divided into COVID-19 positive and negative groups according to the results. Before debridement, chest x-rays and blood analysis, including ICAM-1 serum levels, were performed in both groups. Only ICAM-1 serum levels were measured after debridement. Results Of the 20 patients included in this study, 55% were male (n = 11) and 45% were female (n = 9). The mean age was 52.9 ± 1.9 years. ICAM-1 levels in patients with DFU in the COVID-19-positive group were significantly higher than those in the COVID-19-negative group (median 317.2 vs 149.2, respectively; p < 0.001). Serum levels of ICAM-1 reduced significantly in patients with DFU in the COVID-19-positive group were significantly higher than those in the COVID-19-negative group after debridement (median 312.5 vs 130.3; p < 0.001). Conclusion ICAM-1 serum levels represent an additional, initial screening marker for COVID-19.

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Role of comorbidities like diabetes on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2: A review

Cited by 59 publications

References 93 publications

Proportion and mortality of Iranian diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, hypertension and cardiovascular disease patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis

Proportion and mortality of Iranian diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, hypertension and cardiovascular disease patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis

Predictive medicinal metabolites fromMomordica dioicaagainst comorbidity related proteins of SARS-CoV-2 infections

ICAM-1 levels in patients with covid-19 with diabetic foot ulcers: A prospective study in southeast asia

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