Risk factors on admission associated with hospital length of stay in patients with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study

Abstract

Treating patients with COVID-19 is expensive, thus it is essential to identify factors on admission associated with hospital length of stay (LOS) and provide a risk assessment for clinical treatment. To address this, we conduct a retrospective study, which involved patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection in Hefei, China and being discharged between January 20 2020 and March 16 2020. Demographic information, clinical treatment, and laboratory data for the participants were extracted from medical records. A prolonged LOS was defined as equal to or greater than the median length of hospitable stay. The median LOS for the 75 patients was 17 days (IQR 13–22). We used univariable and multivariable logistic regressions to explore the risk factors associated with a prolonged hospital LOS. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. The median age of the 75 patients was 47 years. Approximately 75% of the patients had mild or general disease. The univariate logistic regression model showed that female sex and having a fever on admission were significantly associated with longer duration of hospitalization. The multivariate logistic regression model enhances these associations. Odds of a prolonged LOS were associated with male sex (aOR 0.19, 95% CI 0.05–0.63, p = 0.01), having fever on admission (aOR 8.27, 95% CI 1.47–72.16, p = 0.028) and pre-existing chronic kidney or liver disease (aOR 13.73 95% CI 1.95–145.4, p = 0.015) as well as each 1-unit increase in creatinine level (aOR 0.94, 95% CI 0.9–0.98, p = 0.007). We also found that a prolonged LOS was associated with increased creatinine levels in patients with chronic kidney or liver disease (p < 0.001). In conclusion, female sex, fever, chronic kidney or liver disease before admission and increasing creatinine levels were associated with prolonged LOS in patients with COVID-19.

Time to recovery from Covid-19 and its associated factors among patients hospitalized to the treatment center in South Central Ethiopia

“…Sex of the patient was also significantly associated with the rate of recovery from Covid-19 infection. This is consistent with finding in China [ Guo et al, 2021 , Mi et al, 2020 ], Pakistan [Almas et al, 2021] , South Korea [Byeon et al, 2021] , and Addis Ababa [Tolossa et al, 2021] that reported a significant association between sex and Covid-19 patients' recovery rate from infection. Furthermore, patients with ≥ 60 years old had a 34% lower rate of recovery from Covid-19 compared to 18-29 years old individuals.…”

“…Our study found that the median duration to recovery from Covid-19 infection of 13 days, with an IQR of 9-17 days. Recent findings from Hefei, China (17 days) [Guo et al, 2021] , Vietnam (17 days) [Long et al, 2020] , and India (10 days) [Bhandari et al, 2020] also reported the same median duration of viral shedding. However, the finding was lower than reports by Liu et al from China (22 days) [Liu et al, 2020] , Zhou et al at Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital in China (20 days) [Zhou et al, 2020] , Abrahim et al from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (19 days) [Tolossa et al, 2021] , and Tolossa et al from Western Ethiopia (18 days) [Tolossa et al, 2021] and higher than finding in Saudi Arabia (6 days) [Alwafi et al, 2021] , India (7 days) [Thiruvengadam et al, 2021] and Pakistan (6 days) [Almas et al, 2021] .…”

Predictive modeling of hospital Length of Stay in COVID-19 patients using Artificial Neural Networks

“…This method minimizes the combination of squares error and weights and seeks the right combination that leads to a network with high generalizability (55,56) In the bibliography, many studies have been undertaken to identify the key risk factors for hospital LOS (8, 13-16, 61, 62). The top clinical variables affecting longer LOS in reviewed studies including: age (older age) (13,15,16,62) , comorbidities (8,14,61,62) (cardiovascular, hypertension, diabetes, respiratory diseases such asthma or COPD), loss of consciousness (8,14,62) , increased BUN (8,(14)(15)(16) , leukocytosis (8,61) , decreased SPO2 (low oxygen saturation) (13,15,16,61) , mechanical ventilation (oxygen therapy) (8,14,62) , pleural effusion (13,15,61) , dry cough (13,62) , and fever (8,15,16,62) . In the present study, the most important variables (n=20 predictors) were identi ed through correlation coe cient at the level of P-value <0.2 (feature selection).…”

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Lama Rawat Inap Pasien COVID-19 di RSUD Serui Provinsi Papua: Studi Potong Lintang

“…Penelitian tersebut menyatakan bahwa usia, jenis kelamin, komorbiditas, gejala klinis, dan parameter laboratorium merupakan faktor yang berhubungan dengan lama rawat inap pasien COVID-19. [13][14][15][16] Namun demikian, penelitian tentang faktor yang berhubungan dengan lama rawat inap pasien COVID-19 di Indonesia masih terbatas. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang memengaruhi lama rawat inap pasien COVID-19 di RSUD Serui Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen, Provinsi Papua.…”