Risk factors for sebaceous gland diseases and their relationship to gastrointestinal dysfunction in Han adolescents

Abstract

Sebaceous gland diseases are a group of common dermatological diseases with multiple causes. To date, a systematic report of the risk factors for sebaceous gland diseases in adolescents has not been published. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors for certain sebaceous gland diseases (seborrhea, seborrheic dermatitis, acne, androgenetic alopecia and rosacea) and their relationship to gastrointestinal dysfunction in adolescents. From August-October, 2002-2005, a questionnaire survey was carried out to obtain epidemiological data about sebaceous gland diseases. Using random cluster sampling, 13 215 Han adolescents aged 12-20 years were recruited from four countries or districts (Macau; Guangzhou, China; Malaysia; and Indonesia). The statistical software SPSS ver. 13.0 was used to analyze the data. The prevalence of seborrhea, seborrheic dermatitis, acne, androgenetic alopecia and rosacea was 28.27%, 10.17%, 51.03%, 1.65% and 0.97%, respectively. Based on multivariate logistic regression analysis, the risk factors for sebaceous gland diseases included: age; duration of local residency; halitosis; gastric reflux; abdominal bloating; constipation; sweet food; spicy food; family history of acne; late night sleeping on a daily basis; excessive axillary, body and facial hair; excessive periareolar hair; and anxiety. There was a statistically significant difference in the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms (halitosis; gastric reflux; abdominal bloating; constipation) between patients with and without sebaceous gland diseases (chi(2) = 150.743; P = 0.000). Gastrointestinal dysfunction is an important risk factor for diseases of the sebaceous glands and is correlated with their occurrence and development.

Possible intermediary role of ghrelin in seborrhea

“…Of course, other issues are also mentioned, such as the effects of genetics, age, nutrition, and a hot and humid climate [1]. As a result we may consider that seborrhea occurrence and development is affected by multiple factors as well as other sebaceous gland disorders [2].…”

“…Seborrhea, known as oily skin [1], is one of the most common clinical manifestations of sebaceous gland disorders [2]. Sebaceous glands are a part of the pilosebaceous unit (including hair, hair follicle and sebaceous gland) and secrete a fatty substance on the skin surface that includes fat and pieces of dead fat-producing cells [3].…”

GUT-the Trojan Horse in Remote Organs’ Autoimmunity

“…The hypothesis was that emotional states might alter the normal intestinal microflora, increase intestinal permeability and contribute to systemic inflammation, and Lactobacillus acidophilus was suggested as a remedy [88]. Many aspects of this gut-brain-skin unifying theory have recently been validated.…”

“…Hypochloredia, intestinal bacterial over growth, increased intestinal permeability, increased intestinal transit time, expansion of intestinal Bacteroides spp and beneficial probiotic therapy, amelioration on omega-3 fatty acids intake, were described in acne [88,90].…”

Rosacea: modern aspects of the etiology and pathogenesis

“…Пик забо-леваемости приходится на 40-50 лет [10][11][12]. Одна-ко розацеа может встречаться и у детей [13]; призна-ки заболевания в виде гиперемии кожи лица встре-чаются у 1,65% лиц в 12-20 лет [14]. Проведенный осмотр 348 случайно выбранных человек в Эстонии выявил в 22% случаев хотя бы один признак розацеа.…”