Risk factors for metabolic bone disease in Crohnʼs disease patients

Abstract

Background:The aim was to evaluate the presence of meta-

Systematic review: body composition in adults with inflammatory bowel disease

“…Multiple studies in both adult and paediatric patients with IBD have shown that BMI does not correlate well with lean mass, even in those in clinical remission . There is much evidence in IBD cohorts from both longitudinal and cross‐sectional analyses that body weight and lean mass (rather than FM) correlate with BMD . In addition, loss of lean mass may be associated with loss of muscle function, which in turn may lead to fatigue and decreased strength .…”

“…[14][15][16] There is much evidence in IBD cohorts from both longitudinal and cross-sectional analyses that body weight and lean mass (rather than FM) correlate with BMD. 4,14,[97][98][99][100][101][102][103] In addition, loss of lean mass may be associated with loss of muscle function, which in turn may lead to fatigue and decreased strength. 104 Although not apparent in the published data reviewed here, these factors may negatively influence QoL in IBD.…”

Nutritional management of Crohn’s disease

“…Studies of bone mineral density in patients with CD demonstrate variable rates of osteopaenia and osteoporosis, due to the definitions used, but all show significant reduction in bone health with osteopaenia rates of 23-77% [Abitbol et al 1995;Bjarnason et al 1997;Pigot et al 1992] and osteoporosis rates of 17-30.6% [Bjarnason et al 1997;Compston et al 1987]. As stated, vitamin deficiencies, including vitamin K, are associated with reduced bone density, and other risk factors in IBD include corticosteroid use [Dear et al 2001], jejunal involvement or bowel resection [Robinson et al 1998], stricturing or penetrating disease [Cravo et al 2010], and ongoing inflammation [Paganelli et al 2007]. Vertebral fractures (often asymptomatic) have been demonstrated in 20-22% of patients with CD, including those under 30 years old [Klaus et al 2002].…”

Risk Factors for Osteoporosis in Crohnʼs Disease

“…[1][2][3][4] Studies have shown an increase in the risk of fractures, [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] with an overall relative risk of 1.3 for Crohn's disease. The relative risk seems to be greater for hip fractures (1.5) although the prevalence of spinal fractures is likely to be underestimated because spinal fractures are not always reported by patients.…”