Risk factors for catheter‐associated urinary tract infection among hospitalized patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies

Abstract

Aims:The study aimed to identify the risk factors for catheter-associated urinary tract infection among hospitalized patients. We also tried to explore its potential effect on patient outcomes if possible.Background: Catheter-associated urinary tract infection accounts for a large proportion of healthcare-associated infections and remains a considerable threat to patient safety worldwide.Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Data sources:We conducted an electronic search in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Review methods: Two reviewers searched the articles and extracted the data independently. The quality of the studies was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RevMan 5.3 was used to perform the meta-analysis.Results: Ten studies involving a total of 8785 participants with or without catheterassociated urinary tract infection were included. The average incidence of catheterassociated urinary tract infection was 13.79 per 1000 catheter days, with a prevalence rate of 9.33%. The meta-analysis demonstrated that patients at high risk for catheter-associated urinary tract infection were female, had a prolonged duration of catheterization, had diabetes, had previous catheterization, and had longer hospital and ICU stays. Additionally, catheter-associated urinary tract infection was also accompanied by an increase in mortality. Conclusions:Healthcare staff should focus on the identified risk factors for catheter-associated urinary tract infection. Further research is needed to investigate the microbial isolates and focus on the intervention strategies of catheter-associated urinary tract infection, so as to reduce its incidence and related mortality. K E Y W O R D Scatheter-associated urinary tract infection, hospitalized, meta-analysis, nursing, observational studies, risk factors, systematic review

Factors associated with death in bedridden patients in China: A longitudinal study

“…A retrospective study reported that urinary tract infection contributed to high 28-day mortality rate in hospitalized Chinese older patients [31]. Catheter-associated urinary tract infection was also accompanied by an increase in mortality [32]. In our study, patients with urinary tract infection had a lower mortality rate, which was not consistent with precious conclusions.…”

Prevalence survey on catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) in public hospitals in Hong Kong 2018

“…These findings were consistent with current literature. 8,9 Among HA-CAUTI patients, 28.3% had long-term urinary catheters. Among all patients with urinary catheters, 31.5% had long-term urinary catheters.…”

Assessment of multidrug resistance in bacterial isolates from urinary tract-infected patients

“…Treatment of bacterial infection has become difficult due to drug resistance (Babakhani & Oloomi, 2018). Moreover, catheter-associated UTIs have higher risk of mortality (Li et al, 2019). Thus, reducing the expected life span.…”