Risk Analysis and Safer Layout Design Solutions for Bicycles in Four-Leg Urban Intersections

Cantisani, Giuseppe; Moretti, Laura; Barbosa, Yessica De Andrade

doi:10.3390/safety5020024

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…As a consequence, traffic engineers and urban planners have increased their focus on vulnerable road users [6][7][8][9][10]. Accordingly, traffic safety countermeasures have been developed in urban areas to improve the safety of pedestrians and cyclists [11,12]. The most important factor in pedestrian injuries from vehicle collisions is the impact speed [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raised Pedestrian Crossings: Analysis of Their Characteristics on a Road Network and Geometric Sizing Proposal

Loprencipe¹,

Moretti²,

Pantuso³

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

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In urban areas traffic-calming strategies and pedestrian friendly measures are often adopted to reduce the adverse impacts of motor vehicles on vulnerable users. This study surveyed 24 raised pedestrian crossings (RPCs) to examine their geometrical and functional characteristics. Geometric characteristics, location, administrative and effective vehicle speed, and the whole-body vibration acceleration induced to vehicle occupants while they are passing over, were considered. In addition to the analysis of the field data, geometrical and functional criteria to design RPCs were carried out. Particularly, two design approaches have been considered. In the first one, RPC provides a designated route across a carriageway raised to the same level, or close to the same level, as the sidewalks that provide access to the pedestrian crossing. In such condition, an RPC is not a traffic-calming device and its design should satisfy geometrical and comfort criteria for designing roads. The results from the surveys demonstrated that less than 10% of RPCs guarantee ride comfort. According to the second design approach, an RPC acts both as a marked pedestrian feature and as a traffic-calming device (i.e., it is trapezoidal in shape with sharp edges). The analysis of the vertical accelerations on vehicle occupants reveal that more than 90% of the surveyed RPCs comply with geometrical and dynamic criteria for speed tables. Extreme variations concerning the observed geometrical characteristics of RPCs and the modelled dynamic performances have been observed: It results in noneffective treatments. Therefore, the results of this study would contribute to providing geometric best practices for overcoming the regulation gap in this subject, and designing RPCs according to international standards. pedestrian infrastructures is increasing [15,16]. Over the years, different systems have been adopted to reduce the risk of vehicle-pedestrian collisions, especially in urban areas. Speed control undulations (SCUs) are traffic-calming units that aim to increase pedestrian safety, as well as reduce noise and pollution from traffic in residential areas.Undulations are usually installed on residential, local, or collector roads; at any rate, these urban roads should not have buses, emergency traffic or, in general, heavy traffic, and should have an administrative speed limit of 20 or 30 km/h [5,17]. A warning sign with an adequate speed limit sign should be installed before an undulation [1,18]. When 15% of traffic exceeds the speed limit by 8-16 km/h the enforcement band is not effective [19], and the road manager could evaluate the installation of SCUs and/or other traffic-calming systems.Raised pedestrian crossings (RPCs) are used in urban areas to increase the walkability of neighborhoods [20] and to reduce the probability of pedestrian injuries and fatalities after a crash, either within specific traffic-calming programs, or more generally within Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans, with increased road safety being one of the main priorities in th...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raised Pedestrian Crossings: Analysis of Their Characteristics on a Road Network and Geometric Sizing Proposal

Loprencipe¹,

Moretti²,

Pantuso³

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

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“…One such factor is the emotional state of the cyclist, which was taken into account in one of the studies conducted in Finland [29]. However, the majority of studies focus on infrastructure elements such as intersections [30]. In the context of this study, such an approach is not optimal, as the objective is not to analyse individual infrastructure elements and their relationship with the risk of an accident for the cyclist.…”

Section: Assessment Of the Safety Of Cyclists In Road Traffic-an Atte...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of Cyclists in Poland in the Context of European Road Traffic

Pyra

2024

Sustainability

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The growing interest in cycling as a means of urban transport has led to an increased focus on cyclist safety as a key aspect of urban planning and transport policy. Simulation studies conducted by the International Transport Forum have demonstrated that reductions in CO2 and other pollutants can be achieved in the context of urban transport, thus realising the goals of decarbonising road transport. The spread of modal transport in cities is a potential reality within the next decade. Bicycles play a significant role in this context. This article presents an analysis of data on accidents involving cyclists. National and international data were analysed to identify the main risk factors. The aim of the paper is to analyse the risk to cyclists with an attempt to identify and map the five biggest risks to cyclists in urban traffic. The aim of the research is to raise awareness of cyclist safety issues and to identify directions for further action to reduce accidents and improve overall road safety. The results of the conducted analyses indicate that the risk for cyclists in road traffic (including urban traffic) has been on a noticeable downward trend over the past five to ten years. This trend allows for the mapping of the most significant types/risks in cycling in urban environments, thereby enabling the implementation of risk management strategies based on the method of risk mapping.

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“…Francesca [17] considered road and environmental conditions, and proposed a methodology for the calculation of urban branch road safety. Lee [18,19] integrated a comprehensive framework of pedestrian walking and fatalities and conducted the hotspot identification.. Giuseppe [20,21] focused on the risk analysis of collision between cyclist fatalities and vehicles in urban intersections. Traffic analysis zones (TAZs) are also used in road traffic accidents as an analysis method.…”

Section: Traffic Incidents On Urban Road Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feature Extraction and Representation of Urban Road Networks Based on Travel Routes

Huang

Shao

et al. 2020

Sustainability

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Extraction of traffic features constitutes a key research direction in traffic safety planning. In previous traffic tasks, road network features are extracted manually. In contrast, Network Representation Learning aims to automatically learn low-dimensional node representations. Enlightened by feature learning in Natural Language Processing, representation learning of urban nodes is studied as a supervised task in this paper. Following this line of thinking, a deep learning framework, called StreetNode2VEC, is proposed for learning feature representations for nodes in the road network based on travel routes, and then model parameter calibration is performed. We explain the effectiveness of features from visualization, similarity analysis, and link prediction. In visualization, the features of nodes naturally present a clustered pattern, and different clusters correspond to different regions in the road network. Meanwhile, the features of nodes still retain their spatial information in similarity analysis. The proposed method StreetNode2VEC obtains a AUC score of 0.813 in link prediction, which is greater than that obtained from Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) and Node2vec. This suggests that the features of nodes can be used to effectively and credibly predict whether a link should be established between two nodes. Overall, our work provides a new way of representing road nodes in the road network, which have potential in the traffic safety planning field.

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Risk Analysis and Safer Layout Design Solutions for Bicycles in Four-Leg Urban Intersections

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

Raised Pedestrian Crossings: Analysis of Their Characteristics on a Road Network and Geometric Sizing Proposal

Raised Pedestrian Crossings: Analysis of Their Characteristics on a Road Network and Geometric Sizing Proposal

Safety of Cyclists in Poland in the Context of European Road Traffic

Feature Extraction and Representation of Urban Road Networks Based on Travel Routes

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