Riparian wetland properties counter the effect of land-use change on soil carbon stocks after rainforest conversion to plantations

Hennings, Nina; Becker, Joscha N.; Guillaume, Thomas; Muhammad, Damris; Dippold, Michaela A.; Kuzyakov, Yakov

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2020.104941

Cited by 29 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The geological basement of the study area consists of pre-Paleogene metamorphic and igneous bedrock alongside lacustrine and fluvial sediments (De Coster, 2006). The soils in well-drained areas at higher landscape positions are predominantly Acrisols, whereas the temporarily flooded riparian areas are dominated by Stagnosols (Hennings et al, 2021;IUSS Working Group WRB, 2022). The natural vegetation is mixed dipterocarp lowland rainforest (Laumonier, 1997).…”

Section: Study Area and Selected Oil-palm Plantationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On each plantation, research plots (50 x 50 m) were established by the Collaborative Research Centre CRC 990 -EFForTs (funded by the German Research Foundation). At the time of sampling, oil palms at the well-drained sites (HO1 -105 4) were 18 -22 years old, and oil palms at the riparian sites (HOr1 -4) were 11 -21 years old (Hennings et al, 2021). The average planting density was 142 ± 17 oil palms per hectare.…”

Section: Study Area and Selected Oil-palm Plantationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimating oil-palm Si storage, Si return to soils and Si losses through harvest in smallholder oil-palm plantations of Sumatra, Indonesia

Greenshields¹,

Lühe²,

Schwarz³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Abstract. Silicon (Si) is known to have multiple beneficial effects on crops. Most plant-available Si in soils is provided through litter decomposition and subsequent phytolith dissolution, especially in strongly desilicated tropical soils. The importance of Si cycling in tropical soil-plant systems raised the question if oil-palm cultivation, the oil palm being a Si-accumulating crop, alters Si cycling. As Si accumulates in plant tissue, we hypothesized that i) Si is stored in the aboveground biomass of oil palms with time, and that ii) the system might lose considerable amounts of Si every year through fruit-bunch harvest. To test these hypotheses, we sampled leaflets, the rachis, fruit-bunch stalk, fruit pulp, kernels and frond bases from mature oil palms planted on well-drained and temporarily flooded riparian smallholder oil-palm plantations (n = 4 each) in lowland Sumatra, Indonesia. We quantified Si concentrations of these oil-palm parts by NaCO3 extraction. We further estimated Si storage in the total above-ground biomass of the oil palms, Si return to soils through decomposing pruned palm fronds, and Si losses from the system through harvest, to assess if Si return to soils via pruned palm fronds sufficed for maintaining Si cycling in the system, or if any measures are needed to compensate for Si export through fruit-bunch harvest. At all sites, leaflets of oil-palm fronds had a significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) mean Si concentration (≥ 1 wt. %) than the rachis, frond base, fruit-bunch stalk, fruit pulp and kernel (≤ 0.5 wt. %). All analysed oil-palm parts had a Si/Ca weight ratio ≥ 1, except for the rachis. At well-drained sites, mean Si concentrations in leaflets increased with palm-frond age (R² = 0.98). Estimates of Si storage in the total above-ground biomass of oil palms, Si return to soils through decomposing pruned palm fronds, and Si losses through harvest were similar at well-drained and riparian sites: a single palm tree could store about 4–5 kg of Si in its total above-ground biomass, a smallholder oil-palm plantation of 1 hectare could store about 550 kg of Si in the palm trees’ above-ground biomass. Pruned palm fronds were estimated to return 110–131 kg of Si per hectare to topsoils each year. Fruit-bunch harvest corresponded to an annual Si export of 32–72 kg Si per hectare in 2015 and 2018. Thus, on smallholder plantations in our study area, more Si can be returned to soils through pruned palm fronds than is lost through fruit-bunch harvest. Greater Si losses would occur if oil-palm stems were removed from plantations prior to replanting. Therefore, it is advisable to leave oil-palm stems on the plantations e.g., by distributing chipped stem parts across the plantation at the end of a plantation cycle (~25 years). This would return about 550 kg ha-1 Si stored in the palm trees’ above-ground biomass to the soils.

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Section: Study Area and Selected Oil-palm Plantationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Area and Selected Oil-palm Plantationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating oil-palm Si storage, Si return to soils and Si losses through harvest in smallholder oil-palm plantations of Sumatra, Indonesia

Greenshields¹,

Lühe²,

Schwarz³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Anthropogenic activities and societal development are the primary drivers of land use and land-use changes (LULUCs). Over the past few centuries, there has been an exponential increase in urban, agricultural, livestock, and industrial areas due to the extensive conversion of natural landscapes and forest zones [1][2][3]. LULUCs within a watershed can cause various environmental problems such as the disruption of natural water circulation, air, soil, and water pollution, and ecosystem damage [4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constructed Wetlands in South Korea: Current Status and Performance Assessment

et al. 2021

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The efficiency of nature-based facilities is mostly evaluated in terms of their pollutant removal capabilities; however, apart from water purification functions, constructed wetlands also perform ecological, cultural, and environmental education functions. A multi-criteria performance index was developed in this study to evaluate the overall efficiency of constructed wetlands. A total of 54 constructed wetlands installed across South Korea were monitored to evaluate the pollutant removal performance of the facilities. A comparison between the conventional pollutant removal-based evaluation and the developed multi-criteria index was also performed to determine the key changes in the results of evaluation when different methods are employed. Among the different types of wetlands studied, hybrid systems were found to be the most effective in terms of pollutant removal due to their complex configurations and functions. Newly constructed treatment wetlands have unstable performance and thus, a stabilization period ranging from two to five years is required to assess the facility’s pollutant removal capabilities. As compared to the conventional pollutant removal-based efficiency evaluation, the comprehensive evaluation method provided a more strategic tool for identifying the facilities’ strengths and weaknesses. Generally, the multi-criteria performance index developed in this inquiry can be utilized as a general tool for evaluating the sustainability of similar nature-based facilities.

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“…In each of the land use systems four 50x50 m plots were established (12 plots in total) . The soils were classified as Gleysols, Stagnosols and stagnic Acrisols with a loamic and clayic texture (Hennings et al, 2021).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since Hennings et al, (2021) identified C preservation and only small SOC losses from the topsoil in riparian areas after land-use change, we focused our analysis on the top 10 cm, thereby combining the top two samples from the soil profiles, which were collected in 5 cm intervals. Soil samples in oil palm plantations were sampled in the interrows, the path between the palm rows.…”

Section: Field Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of tropical rainforest transformation in Indonesia on soil carbon sources, turnover and losses

Hennings¹

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Riparian wetland properties counter the effect of land-use change on soil carbon stocks after rainforest conversion to plantations

Cited by 29 publications

References 52 publications

Estimating oil-palm Si storage, Si return to soils and Si losses through harvest in smallholder oil-palm plantations of Sumatra, Indonesia

Estimating oil-palm Si storage, Si return to soils and Si losses through harvest in smallholder oil-palm plantations of Sumatra, Indonesia

Constructed Wetlands in South Korea: Current Status and Performance Assessment

Impact of tropical rainforest transformation in Indonesia on soil carbon sources, turnover and losses

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