RF-powered BIONs/spl trade/ for stimulation and sensing

Loeb, Gerald E.; Richmond, F.J.R.; Singh, Jasspreet; Peck, R.A.; Tan, Wei; Zou, Qiyue; Sachs, Nicholas A.

doi:10.1109/iembs.2004.1404167

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Additionally, our receiver circuit is a dedicated pacing circuit without sensing capabilities. Stimulation and sensing with radiofrequency induction has been demonstrated previously for neural applications [12]. Future research will focus on adopting this technology for our pacemaker.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A Fully Implantable Pacemaker for the Mouse: From Battery to Wireless Power

et al. 2013

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Animal models have become a popular platform for the investigation of the molecular and systemic mechanisms of pathological cardiovascular physiology. Chronic pacing studies with implantable pacemakers in large animals have led to useful models of heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Unfortunately, molecular and genetic studies in these large animal models are often prohibitively expensive or not available. Conversely, the mouse is an excellent species for studying molecular mechanisms of cardiovascular disease through genetic engineering. However, the large size of available pacemakers does not lend itself to chronic pacing in mice. Here, we present the design for a novel, fully implantable wireless-powered pacemaker for mice capable of long-term (>30 days) pacing. This design is compared to a traditional battery-powered pacemaker to demonstrate critical advantages achieved through wireless inductive power transfer and control. Battery-powered and wireless-powered pacemakers were fabricated from standard electronic components in our laboratory. Mice (n = 24) were implanted with endocardial, battery-powered devices (n = 14) and epicardial, wireless-powered devices (n = 10). Wireless-powered devices were associated with reduced implant mortality and more reliable device function compared to battery-powered devices. Eight of 14 (57.1%) mice implanted with battery-powered pacemakers died following device implantation compared to 1 of 10 (10%) mice implanted with wireless-powered pacemakers. Moreover, device function was achieved for 30 days with the wireless-powered device compared to 6 days with the battery-powered device. The wireless-powered pacemaker system presented herein will allow electrophysiology studies in numerous genetically engineered mouse models as well as rapid pacing-induced heart failure and atrial arrhythmia in mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A Fully Implantable Pacemaker for the Mouse: From Battery to Wireless Power

et al. 2013

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“…16–19 The microstimulator will be designed for implantation in the orbit using a minimally invasive approach for direct LNS. We will also utilize a tear osmolarity measurement system in conjunction with UHR-OCT tear volume measurements to evaluate the physiologic homeostasis of tear composition and accurately assess tear volume.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurostimulation of the Lacrimal Nerve for Enhanced Tear Production

Kossler

Wang

Feuer

et al. 2015

Ophthalmic Plastic &Amp; Reconstructive Surgery

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Purpose To design a proof-of-concept study to assess the effect of lacrimal nerve stimulation (LNS) with an implantable pulse generator (IPG) to increase aqueous tear production. Methods Experimental animal study design of six Dutch Belted rabbits. Ultra high-resolution optical coherence tomography (UHR-OCT) quantified tear production by measuring the baseline tear volume of each rabbit’s right and left eye. A neurostimulator was implanted adjacent to the right lacrimal nerve. After two minutes of LNS (100 μs, 1.6 mAmp, 20 Hz, 5–8 volts), the tear volumes were measured with UHR-OCT. The change in tear volume was quantified and compared to the non-stimulated left eye. Three rabbits underwent chronic LNS (100 μS, 1.6 mAmp, 10 Hz, 2 volts) and their lacrimal glands were harvested for histopathologic analysis. Results UHR-OCT imaging of the right eyes tear volume showed a 441% average increase in tear production after LNS as a percent of baseline. After stimulation, right eyes had statistically significant greater increase in tear volumes than left eyes (p=0.028, Wilcoxon test). Post-stimulation right eye tear volumes were significantly greater compared to baseline (p=0.028, Wilcoxon test). Histopathologic examination of the lacrimal glands showed no discernible tissue damage from chronic neurostimulation. Additionally, there were no gross adverse effects on the general well-beings of the animals due to chronic stimulation. Conclusions Lacrimal nerve stimulation with an implantable pulse generator appears to increase aqueous tear production. Chronic LNS showed no histopathologic lacrimal gland damage. This study suggests LNS is a promising new treatment strategy to increase aqueous tear production.

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“…10 Class E oscillators are presently used in clinical trials to power subminiature, injectable muscle stimulators (BIONs) for uses in physical rehabilitation. 7,8 Our application of this technology to power our minipump is more challenging than the BION and most RFID applications for several reasons: (1) the power requirements of the MIP (mW) are a thousand times higher than that of the BION or RFID applications ( μ W). (2) Unlike the BION, whose primary and secondary coils typically remain stationary and in close physical contact across the subject’s skin, the MIP application requires mobility, such that the inter-coil distance changes from moment-to-moment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Powering an Implantable Minipump with a Multi-layered Printed Circuit Coil for Drug Infusion Applications in Rodents

et al. 2009

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We report the use of a multi-layer printed coil circuit for powering (36–94 mW) an implantable microbolus infusion pump (MIP) that can be activated remotely for use in drug infusion in nontethered, freely moving small animals. This implantable device provides a unique experimental tool with applications in the fields of animal behavior, pharmacology, physiology, and functional brain imaging. Two different designs are described: a battery-less pump usable when the animal is inside a home-cage surrounded by a primary inductive coil and a pump powered by a rechargeable battery that can be used for studies outside the homecage. The use of printed coils for powering of small devices by inductive power transfer presents significant advantages over similar approaches using hand-wound coils in terms of ease of manufacturing and uniformity of design. The high efficiency of a class-E oscillator allowed powering of the minipumps without the need for close physical contact of the primary and secondary coils, as is currently the case for most devices powered by inductive power transfer.

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RF-powered BIONs/spl trade/ for stimulation and sensing

Cited by 15 publications

References 7 publications

A Fully Implantable Pacemaker for the Mouse: From Battery to Wireless Power

A Fully Implantable Pacemaker for the Mouse: From Battery to Wireless Power

Neurostimulation of the Lacrimal Nerve for Enhanced Tear Production

Powering an Implantable Minipump with a Multi-layered Printed Circuit Coil for Drug Infusion Applications in Rodents

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