Review paper: Design of a mass and ion kinetic energy spectrometer for organic chemical work

Beynon, J. H.; Harris, F.M.; Green, B. N.; Bateman, Robert

doi:10.1002/oms.1210170202

Cited by 62 publications

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“…If good resolution of both precursor and product ions is required, the preferred form for the experiment is an extension of a mass-analyzed ion kinetic energy spectrometry (MIKES) analysis, with improved resolution of product ions achieved by mass filtering using Q. This may be accomplished, for example, by using linked E/Q scanning [18,19]. It is important to recognize that this experiment is not equivalent to a Bz/E 1 linked scan on a four-sector instrument in which the double focusing of product ions is reflected in signal intensity.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…MIKES analyses with a potential applied to the gas collision cell were initially performed using doublefocusing instruments to study specific CAD processes (see, for example, refs [24][25][26][27][28][29]. Floating the gas collision cell was subsequently shown to improve resolution of product ions [18] and increase the transmission efficiency of low-mass (relative to the precursor) product ions transmitted through the electric sector analyzer [30]. Following the development of four-sector…”

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Determination of high-energy fragmentation of protonated peptides using a beqq hybrid mass spectrometer

Burlet

Orkiszewski

Gaskell

1993

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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A hybrid tandem instrument of BEqQ geometry was used to determine high-energy decomposition of protonated peptides, such as side-chain fragmentation yielding d n and w n ions. The transmission through both E and Q of such product ions, formed in the second field-free region, permits improved mass resolution and confident mass assignment. The experimental technique may involve synchronous scanning of E and Q, or, for the purpose of identification of specific products, limited-range scanning of either E or Q with the other analyzer fixed. These techniques are not equivalent, with respect to product ion transmission, to the double focusing of product ions achieved with four-sector instruments but nevertheless represent a critical improvement over conventional mass-analyzed ion kinetic energy spectrometry analyses. Fragmentation of protonated peptides occurring in the second field-free region inside and outside the collision cell were distinguished by floating the collision cell above ground potential. Mass filtering using Q confirmed the mass assignments. The data indicate that product ions resulting from spontaneous decomposition are in some instances quantitatively more significant than those resulting from high-energy collisional activation. Furthermore, the differentiation of the products of low- and high-energy processes should facilitate spectral interpretation.

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confidence: 99%

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Determination of high-energy fragmentation of protonated peptides using a beqq hybrid mass spectrometer

Burlet

Orkiszewski

Gaskell

1993

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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“…There are two principal advantages in operating with a floated collision cell. First, the consequent reduction in the broadening effects of kinetic energy release results in a great increase in resolving power obtainable for the fragment ion spectra (5). In the case of the tandem double-focusing instrument used previously (4) and in the present work, separation of a fragment ion doublet with demonstrated resolving power of almost 104 (10% valley) has been thus achieved (6).…”

Section: Literature Citedmentioning

confidence: 68%

Computer-based mass measurement of fragment ion spectra from tandem magnetic sector mass spectrometers with an electrically floated collision cell

Rk¹,

Pa²,

Br³

et al. 1987

Anal. Chem.

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“…(22)], which varies as the square root of the kinetic energy of the reactant ion, which is, of course, reduced if 0 < V, < V,. Detailed derivations (55,120) give:…”

Section: Linked-scan Laws For Reaction Regions Not At Ground Potenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linked‐scan techniques for MS/MS using tandem‐in‐space instruments

Boyd

1994

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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Witness this army, of such mass and charge" Shakespeare, W.; Hamlet, 1601, Act IV, Scene 4, line 47. CCC 0277-7037/95/05/60359-52 LINKED-SCAN TECHNIQUES FOR MS/MS FIGURE 2. One-dimensional spectra for ions formed from decane, cxtracted from the complete two-dimensional MSiMS domain shown in Fig. I . Such one-dimensional spectra could be obtained by appropriate single scans, without obtaining all the information exhibited in thc full MS/MS domain. Full circles denote ions whose m i z values are fixed by the conditions of the experiment. and open circles denote ions whose m l i values are to be obtained from the appropriate one-dimensional scan. Reproduced from Ref. (2), by permission.appropriate kinds, without generating the complete MS/MS domain. This review is concerned with the experimental methods for generating such scans, using some common mass spectrometer designs. A more fundamental comment on maps like Fig. 1 concerns the significance of the observation. or not, of any particular reaction. Any such observation strictly refers only to the reaction timescale and other conditions pertinent to the particular apparatus in use. For example, the fact that the ion at m/z 43 was observed ( Fig. 2) to arise from the ion at m / z 85, as well as from the ion at m/z 71, does not necessarily imply that the direct (single-step) reaction (m/z 85+ 43) does occur. The only valid conclusion is that some ions of m/z 85, extracted from the ion source, can fragment to yield m/z 43, but whether or not all such events involve an intermediate at m/z 7 1 cannot be determined from these experiments alone. It is also important to note that the great majority of MS/MS experiments investigate fragmentation reactions (m, < m, , where m, is the molecular mass of species X ) . However, at the lower collision energies characteristic of quadrupole instruments, it is also possible to induce chemical reactions between the reactant ion and a suitable collision gas, such that m, > m,. LINKED-SCAN TECHNIOUES FOR MS/MSFIGURE 3. Schematic representations of the action of (a) magnetic and (b) electric sector fields. In each case. 0 is the subject slit (length dimension perpcndicular 10 the plane of the paper. closeable in the plane). The angular spreads of the ion beam in the plane (which is perpendicular to the magnetic field direction, but contains the electric field lines) are a,,, and a,, respectively. (a) F,,? F , , F2, and F3 are the respective direction focus points for ions of mass m, and velocity u , [Eq. (28)]. mass (m, + 8m) and velocity u , , mass m R , and velocity [Eq. (28)] ( u , + Su), and mass (m,< + Sm) and velocity ( u , + 6u). Thus. the differences between F,, and F,. and between Fz and F2, represent the effective mass dispersion of the magnet. The differences between F,, and F2, and between F, and F; reflect the velocity dispersion. (b) F,, is the direction focus point for ions with any combination of m and u consistent with a kinetic energy ke) [Eq. (30)]. and F, is thc direction focus point [Eq. (30)] for ions with a kinetic...

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Review paper: Design of a mass and ion kinetic energy spectrometer for organic chemical work

Cited by 62 publications

References 0 publications

Determination of high-energy fragmentation of protonated peptides using a beqq hybrid mass spectrometer

Determination of high-energy fragmentation of protonated peptides using a beqq hybrid mass spectrometer

Computer-based mass measurement of fragment ion spectra from tandem magnetic sector mass spectrometers with an electrically floated collision cell

Linked‐scan techniques for MS/MS using tandem‐in‐space instruments

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