Review of underhood aerothermal management: Towards vehicle simplified models

Khaled, Mahmoud; Ramadan, Mohamad; El-Hage, Hicham; Elmarakbi, Ahmed; Harambat, Fabien; Peerhossaini, Hassan

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2014.08.037

Cited by 38 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…It was difficult to gather data for CFD simulation verification due to the lack of wind tunnel tests. However, the present study refers to other similar cases and processes for the simulation calculations, specifically for the mesh quality and physical equations, to ensure the credibility of the results [41][42][43]  Due to fan rotation motion, the standard turbulence equation covered the influencing factors of vorticity in the air rotation domain. Therefore, a more reasonable RNG − turbulence transport equation was adopted to improve the accuracy of the flow calculation.…”

Section: Underhood Cfd Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Calculation Method of Model Predictive Control for Integrated Vehicle Thermal Management Based on Underhood Coupling Thermal Transmission

Gao

Liu

et al. 2019

Energies

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The nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) controller is designed for an engine cooling system and aims to control the pump speed and fan speed according to the thermal load, vehicle speed, and ambient temperature in real time with respect to the coolant temperature and comprehensive energy consumption of the system, which serve as the targets. The system control model is connected to the underhood computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model by the coupling thermal transmission equation. For the intricate thermal management process predictive control and system control performance analysis, a coupling multi-thermodynamic system nonlinear model for integrated vehicle thermal management was established. The concept of coupling factor was proposed to provide the boundary conditions considering the thermal transmission interaction of multiple heat exchangers for the radiator module. Using the coupling factor, the thermal flow influence of the structural characteristics in the engine compartment was described with the lumped parameter method, thereby simplifying the space geometric feature numerical calculation. In this way, the coupling between the multiple thermodynamic systems mathematical model and multidimensional nonlinear CFD model was realized, thereby achieving the simulation and analysis of the integrated thermal management multilevel cooperative control process based on the underhood structure design. The research results indicated an excellent capability of the method for integrated control analysis, which contributed to solving the design, analysis, and optimization problems for vehicle thermal management. Compared to the traditional engine cooling mode, the NMPC thermal management scheme clearly behaved the better temperature controlling effects and the lower system energy consumption. The controller could further improve efficiency with reasonable coordination of the convective thermal transfer intensity between the liquid and air sides. In addition, the thermal transfer structures in the engine compartment could also be optimized.

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Section: Underhood Cfd Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…And when the number of It was difficult to gather data for CFD simulation verification due to the lack of wind tunnel tests. However, the present study refers to other similar cases and processes for the simulation calculations, specifically for the mesh quality and physical equations, to ensure the credibility of the results [41][42][43] •…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Calculation Method of Model Predictive Control for Integrated Vehicle Thermal Management Based on Underhood Coupling Thermal Transmission

Gao

Liu

et al. 2019

Energies

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“…Moreover, when gaseous LPG enters the cylinder, if the inlet temperature is too high, the engine volumetric efficiency will be reduced, which will affect the power and economy of an LPG ignition engine. City buses adopt a rear-mounted compartment, which is not easy to be cooled by the windward air, resulting in less air entering the compartment under the same conditions than the front-mounted one, which brings greater challenges to dissipating heat in the engine compartment (Larsson et al, 2011a). In summary, the heat transfer problem of a rear mounted LPGB engine compartment has become a research focus at home and abroad.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the multi-field coupling enhanced heat transfer principle to the engine compartment design of clean gas bus

2020

Mech. Sci.

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Abstract. Clean gas engines, such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) engines, have high thermal loads on parts under equivalent specific combustion. This study examines the multi-field coupling enhanced heat transfer principle and its applications to the engine compartment of a typical LPG city bus. The field synergy enhanced heat transfer principle (FSP) was applied in the radiator assembly area. The FSP model yielded an optimum velocity -temperature gradient matching field that would improve convective heat transfer in this area. To strengthen the convective heat transfer ability of the limited cooling air in the cabin, temperature field homogenization (TFH) in the core flow region of the engine block area was achieved. The TFH optimization model helped minimize the temperature gradient in the core flow region and maximize it at the heat transfer boundary, and the optimum vector field and flow path were obtained. More comprehensive changes to the structural design were made according to the multi-field coupling enhanced heat transfer principles. The simulation results showed that in the comprehensive structure, the heat transfer efficiency of the radiator increased by 14.66 %, the average temperature of the air passages in the engine block area decreased by 22.23 %, and the heat dissipation coefficient of the engine body and engine cover increased by 4.60 times and 3.49 times, respectively.

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“…Considering a real module simulation, such as the engine, pipes, bumper, crossbars, shroud, fan, battery, etc., which interact with the airflow field and might result in flow separation, cross flows, increased mixture, recirculation and pressure drop, etc., the 1D and 3D co-simulation is an approach that can integrate the advantages of the two simulation approaches while simultaneously eliminating the drawbacks [165][166][167][168][169].…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Integrated Vehicle Thermal Management and Numerical Simulation

et al. 2017

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Abstract:With the increasing demands for vehicle dynamic performance, economy, safety and comfort, and with ever stricter laws concerning energy conservation and emissions, vehicle power systems are becoming much more complex. To pursue high efficiency and light weight in automobile design, the power system and its vehicle integrated thermal management (VITM) system have attracted widespread attention as the major components of modern vehicle technology. Regarding the internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV), its integrated thermal management (ITM) mainly contains internal combustion engine (ICE) cooling, turbo-charged cooling, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) cooling, lubrication cooling and air conditioning (AC) or heat pump (HP). As for electric vehicles (EVs), the ITM mainly includes battery cooling/preheating, electric machines (EM) cooling and AC or HP. With the rational effective and comprehensive control over the mentioned dynamic devices and thermal components, the modern VITM can realize collaborative optimization of multiple thermodynamic processes from the aspect of system integration. Furthermore, the computer-aided calculation and numerical simulation have been the significant design methods, especially for complex VITM. The 1D programming can correlate multi-thermal components and the 3D simulating can develop structuralized and modularized design. Additionally, co-simulations can virtualize simulation of various thermo-hydraulic behaviors under the vehicle transient operational conditions. This article reviews relevant researching work and current advances in the ever broadening field of modern vehicle thermal management (VTM). Based on the systematic summaries of the design methods and applications of ITM, future tasks and proposals are presented. This article aims to promote innovation of ITM, strengthen the precise control and the performance predictable ability, furthermore, to enhance the level of research and development (R&D).

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Review of underhood aerothermal management: Towards vehicle simplified models

Cited by 38 publications

References 71 publications

Numerical Calculation Method of Model Predictive Control for Integrated Vehicle Thermal Management Based on Underhood Coupling Thermal Transmission

Numerical Calculation Method of Model Predictive Control for Integrated Vehicle Thermal Management Based on Underhood Coupling Thermal Transmission

Application of the multi-field coupling enhanced heat transfer principle to the engine compartment design of clean gas bus

Advances in Integrated Vehicle Thermal Management and Numerical Simulation

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