Review of Risk Status of Groundwater Supply Wells by Tracing the Source of Coliform Contamination

Somaratne, Nara; Hallas, Gary

doi:10.3390/w7073878

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…As septic tank disposal field laterals are only 9 to 18 inches (23 to 46 cm) below the ground surface (New Jersey Administrative Code 2012), fecal-derived coliforms from septic tank leach fields (Arnade 1999) could also undergo temperatureinduced changes in concentrations. The indigenous or non-fecal sources include coliform residents of soils (Van Donsel et al 1967;Ishii et al 2006;Arnaud et al 2015), sediments (Crabill et al 1999), and coliforms contained within biofilms in surface or near-surface rock strata, and within fractures in grout and micro-annuli between the grout and well casing (Ross 2010;Kozuskanich et al 2011;Somaratne and Hallas 2015).…”

Section: Temperature-driven Changes In Coliforms Derived From Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonality of Coliform Bacteria Detection Rates in New Jersey Domestic Wells

2016

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It is important that indicators of fecal pollution are reliable. Coliform bacteria are a commonly used indicator of fecal pollution. As other investigators have reported elsewhere, we observed a seasonal pattern of coliform bacteria detections in domestic wells in New Jersey. Examination of a statewide database of 10 years of water quality data from 93,447 samples, from 78,207 wells, generated during real estate transactions, revealed that coliform bacteria were detected in a higher proportion of wells during warm weather months. Further examination of the seasonal pattern of other data, including well water pH, precipitation, ground and surface water temperatures, surface water coliform bacteria concentrations, and vegetation, resulted in the hypothesis that these bacteria may be derived from nonfecal (or environmentally adapted) as well as fecal sources. We provide evidence that the coliform seasonality may be the result of seasonal changes in groundwater extraction volumes (and to a lesser extent precipitation), and temperature‐driven changes in the concentration of surface or near‐surface coliform sources. Nonfecal coliform sources may not indicate the presence of fecal wastes and hence the potential presence of pathogens, or do so in an inconsistent fashion. Additional research is needed to identify the sources of the coliforms detected in groundwater.

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Section: Temperature-driven Changes In Coliforms Derived From Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonality of Coliform Bacteria Detection Rates in New Jersey Domestic Wells

2016

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“…In the water from wells in Drelów, the value of pH was in the range of 6.71-8. 43 During the afore-mentioned study that the lowest conductivity values were obtained in dug wells.…”

Section: Well Water Quality In the Selected Communesmentioning

confidence: 94%

The Influence of Household Wastewater Treatment Plants with Drainage System on the Quality of Groundwater in the Lublin Province, Poland

Jóźwiakowski¹,

Marzec²,

Listosz³

et al. 2021

J. Ecol. Eng.

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One of the prerequisites for maintaining good quality of environment in a given area is the creation of an appropriate water and sewage infrastructure. Despite a significant progress which occurred in the previous 20 years, the population of Poland, especially the people inhabiting rural areas, have a limited access to the water supply and sewage infrastructure. According to the data collected in 2018 by the Polish Central Statistical Office, 85% of people in rural areas had access to water supply network, whereas only 41% had access to a sewage system [GUS 2019a]. In turn, in the Lublin province, 80.6% of rural population was connected to a water supply network, but only 21.8% used a sewage system [Statistical Office in Lublin, 2019]. One of the main reasons for a slow development of the sewage infrastructure in rural areas of Poland, especially in the Lublin province, is the significant dispersal of settlements, which adds to the cost intensity of the investment process. In accordance with the Water Act [2017] as well as the Announcement of the Marshal of the

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“…This is also true for low pH values. Water softer than 30 -50 mg/L tend to be corrosive and should be examined for plumbo-solvency [17]. The temporal variation of hardness ( Figure 4e) followed a regular pattern like that of calcium (the highest values were reported in August) suggesting that the hardness in the water samples were mainly due to calcium ions.…”

Section: Sample Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal variation of groundwater resources in Ilesa West Local Government, Osun State Nigeria

Fadipe

Oladepo

2020

Nig. J. Tech.

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The study was carried out to investigate the different groundwater resources and to generate the temporal differences over the different seasons in Ilesa West Local Government, Osun State, Nigeria. The LGA has not been provided with municipal pipe-borne water supply for over 30 years, hence they are exclusively using groundwater in form of boreholes, dugwells and springs. The physico- chemical and heavy metal parameters were determined over a period of one year covering the rainy and dry seasons. A total of 69 drinking water points which comprises of 63 dugwells, 5 boreholes and 1 spring were used for the study and they were selected to represent the built-up part of the entire study area adequately. Parameters analysed were pH, electrical conductivity (EC), temperature, total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride, sulphate, nitrate, sodium, potassium (K), calcium, magnesium, hardness, alkalinity, bicarbonate using standard methods. Analysis of heavy metals (Fe, Cr) was carried out with atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) and microbiological analysis was conducted using most probable number (MPN) of counting coliforms. The data generated were subjected to descriptive statistics and line graph. The analysis of the different groundwater resources revealed a good water quality but the values of pH, TDS, EC, K, were higher than the permissible range. The concentration of Fe and Cr is very high and could constitute some health hazards in some sources. The temporal variation of the water quality parameters did not follow any definite trend but the pH, NO3, TDS, HCO3, SO4, Fe, Cr were highest in the dry months of April and December, while Ca, Mg, K, Na, hardness, and alkalinity were highest in the rainy months of June and August. The percentage of microbial distribution was highest in the months of June in the boreholes and the spring but the distribution in the dugwells was entirely different. The water from the boreholes and dugwells were generally soft and should be checked for plumbo-solvency. It is recommended that a routine monitoring of all the sources should be carried out and a treatment that will reduce the heavy metals concentrations be enforced. Keywords: Groundwater resources, physico-chemical parameters, temporal variations, dugwells, boreholes and spring.

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Review of Risk Status of Groundwater Supply Wells by Tracing the Source of Coliform Contamination

Cited by 12 publications

References 42 publications

Seasonality of Coliform Bacteria Detection Rates in New Jersey Domestic Wells

Seasonality of Coliform Bacteria Detection Rates in New Jersey Domestic Wells

The Influence of Household Wastewater Treatment Plants with Drainage System on the Quality of Groundwater in the Lublin Province, Poland

Temporal variation of groundwater resources in Ilesa West Local Government, Osun State Nigeria

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