Seasonality of Coliform Bacteria Detection Rates in New Jersey Domestic Wells

Atherholt, Thomas B.; Procopio, Nicholas A.; Goodrow, Sandra M.

doi:10.1111/gwat.12482

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Work by Hynds et al () and Howard et al () lend support to infiltration use patterns as risk factors. Our earlier findings of seasonality as a risk factor (Atherholt et al ) further supports this theory.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…The second phase examined the influence of the timing and amount of precipitation on coliform detection rates in groundwater by exploring the relationship between cumulative precipitation over a series of days (1–30) prior to sampling of wells and the rates of coliform occurrences. This question arose from a previous study which revealed that a small seasonal difference in the total amount of precipitation, based on NJ monitoring station data, may have marginally contributed to the observed seasonal difference in coliform detection rates in domestic wells in New Jersey (Atherholt et al ). The third phase evaluated the likelihood of coliform occurrences given the effect of precipitation and other factors for which data were available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The third phase evaluated the likelihood of coliform occurrences given the effect of precipitation and other factors for which data were available. The additional factors included season (Atherholt et al ), geological setting, laboratory method used (Atherholt et al ), pH (Atherholt et al ), and nitrate concentrations. The goal of the last phase was to provide a useful method to estimate the likelihood of encountering a coliform‐positive reading given certain readily available information in the absence of a coliform test.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Likelihood of Coliform Bacteria in NJ Domestic Wells Based on Precipitation and Other Factors

et al. 2017

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The influence of precipitation on coliform bacteria detection rates in domestic wells was investigated using data collected through the New Jersey Private Well Testing Act. Measured precipitation data from the National Weather Service (NWS) monitoring stations was compared to estimated data from the Multisensor Precipitation Estimate (MPE) in order to determine which source of data to include in the analyses. A strong concordance existed between these two precipitations datasets; therefore, MPE data was utilized as it is geographically more specific to individual wells. Statewide, 10 days of cumulative precipitation prior to testing was found to be an optimal period influencing the likelihood of coliform detections in wells. A logistic regression model was developed to predict the likelihood of coliform occurrence in wells from 10 days of cumulative precipitation data and other predictive variables including geology, season, coliform bacteria analysis method, pH, and nitrate concentration. Total coliform (TC) and fecal coliform or Escherichia coli (FC/EC) were detected more frequently when the preceding 10 days of cumulative precipitation exceeded 34.5 and 54 mm, respectively. Furthermore, the likelihood of coliform detection was highest in wells located in the bedrock region, during summer and autumn, analyzed with the enzyme substrate method, with pH between 5 and 6.99, and (for FC/EC but not TC) nitrate greater than 10 mg/L. Thus, the likelihood of coliform presence in domestic wells can be predicted from readily available environmental factors including timing and magnitude of precipitation, offering outreach opportunities and potential changes to coliform testing recommendations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Likelihood of Coliform Bacteria in NJ Domestic Wells Based on Precipitation and Other Factors

et al. 2017

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“…They are abundant in the faeces of warm-blooded animals, including humans, and their presence indicates whether faecal contamination is present and whether potential risks from these and other pathogenic bacteria or viral agents may exist [10]. These bacteria have been used in many research studies for assessing microbial quality of water [11][12][13][14][15]. The study aims to i) evaluate the microbiological water quality of these dam waters and ii) determine the spatial distribution and the temporal variation E. coli and IE abundances in these reservoirs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Variation of Faecal Indicator Bacteria in Three Reservoirs of Ivory Coast (Taabo, Kossou, and Fae)

Tiemoko¹,

Ouattara²,

Kouame³

et al. 2019

JESPR

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The reservoirs of Taabo, Kossou and Fae receive agricultural and domestic wastewaters which may impact their microbial quality, while the reservoir waters are used for fish farming, irrigation and other domestic purposes. This study aimed to evaluate the microbiological quality of these reservoirs by assessing the spatial and temporal distribution of the faecal indicator bacteria (FIB) abundances (Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Intestinal Enterococci (IE)). Thus, water samples were collected throughout a year at different sites of each reservoir. The FIB abundance (10 × 10 0 to 1.53 × 10 4 CFU E. coli.100 mL-1 ; 10 × 10 0 to 2.67 × 10 3 CFU IE.100 mL-1) were recorded, with high level values observed during the rainy season. The areas near the shore were more affected by faecal contamination than deepest areas due to the direct domestic wastewaters' releases. According to EU directive, the 90 th percentile of the concentration of E. coli and IE in Taabo and Kossou reservoirs were lower than the level required for bathing indicating that the bathing could be possible. In contrast, the concentration of E. coli and IE in Fae reservoir were higher than the reference values, thus limiting uses of water for domestic purpose and irrigation and fish farming.

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“…Transportation of coliform bacteria from surface and subsurface sources is dependent on various factors like the specific hydrogeological settings, depth of tube well, tube well construction, and the amount and intensity of precipitation (Atherholt et al, 2017). Shallow groundwater is more vulnerable than the deeper one because of the shorter vertical distance and the attenuation of pathogenic bacteria depends on retention and die-off in the flow path (van Geen et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Hydrology and Sanitation on Groundwater Coliform Contamination in Some Parts of Western Bengal Basin: Implication to Safe Drinking Water

et al. 2022

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Access to clean water has been identified as one of the primary Sustainable Development Goals. Rapid urbanization is going on in developing nations creating additional pressure on water resources in most of these places which in turn also affects individuals which is largely reliant on proper sanitation and drinking water quality. In addition, open sanitation practice is becoming major public health problem in rural and in some urban areas in India. Groundwater contamination by pathogenic bacteria sourced from both sanitation system and surface water is becoming one of the major concerns now-a-days. The residents of the Ganges river basin in India are already stressed with natural arsenic pollution as well as other various types of water pollution, and microbial pollution from sanitation is a new addition to it. A field-based hydrogeological investigation with the identification of sanitation sites (surface and subsurface) was conducted in some parts of the Ganges basin, in and around a lower order distributary river, River Churni in West Bengal state, to identify the natural and human influences on sanitation drinking water pollution in a highly populated part of South Asia. Groundwater was found to be contaminated severely with total (TC) and fecal (FC) coliform bacteria. The abundance of TC was found to be the highest in monsoon season (78%) than in pre-monsoon (48%) and post-monsoon (29%) seasons. The results revealed that the groundwater samples from shallow depths and close to sanitation sites were highly contaminated with coliform bacteria than the deeper and higher distant (>30 m distance) ones. Shallow groundwater samples near to surface water (River Churni) source, other than sanitation sites, showed elevated TC levels. The occurrence of coliform bacteria in studied groundwater samples was observed to be positively correlated with conductivity, TDS, TOC, chloride, and sulfate, while the abundance was restricted by pH and temperature of groundwater. Thus, improper sanitation systems and contaminated surface water were identified as one of the major sources of pathogenic contamination of groundwater-sourced drinking water in the studied area, whereas improper human practices further complicate the scenario which needs to be managed properly.

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Seasonality of Coliform Bacteria Detection Rates in New Jersey Domestic Wells

Cited by 25 publications

References 74 publications

The Likelihood of Coliform Bacteria in NJ Domestic Wells Based on Precipitation and Other Factors

The Likelihood of Coliform Bacteria in NJ Domestic Wells Based on Precipitation and Other Factors

Spatial and Temporal Variation of Faecal Indicator Bacteria in Three Reservoirs of Ivory Coast (Taabo, Kossou, and Fae)

Influence of Hydrology and Sanitation on Groundwater Coliform Contamination in Some Parts of Western Bengal Basin: Implication to Safe Drinking Water

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