Review of research on measurement technologies of DC high voltage

Xiao, Xun; Xu, Yun

doi:10.1109/iciteed.2015.7408937

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…An optical electric sensing technology utilizing the Pockels effect is presented in [118]- [122]. Such optical voltage sensors are used in applications where wide frequency range is required and overcome some shortcomings of the conventional voltage sensors while using simpler structure and presenting better accuracy.…”

Section: B Optical Sensors Based On Pockels Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electro-optic effect can be expressed by the change in the refractive index of the crystals under the effect of an applied electric field or voltage [120], [122]. Figure 5 shows an amplitude modulator in longitudinal modulation arrangement with a polarizer, oriented at 90 o with respect to an analyzer.…”

Section: B Optical Sensors Based On Pockels Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optical voltage sensors usually use BGO crystal. The induced phase retardation δ between two orthogonal optical components of the output light is given by [122]:…”

Section: B Optical Sensors Based On Pockels Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Equation above indicates that the modulated light of the output intensity is a function of the measured voltage [122] and therefore, a voltage measuring device for HVDC installation can be realized.…”

Section: B Optical Sensors Based On Pockels Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Voltage and Current Measuring Technologies for High Voltage Direct Current Supergrids: A Technology Review Identifying the Options for Protection, Fault Location and Automation Applications

et al. 2020

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After the occurrence of a DC-side feeder faults on HVDC transmission systems, protection and fault detection systems are anticipated to minimize their onerous effects, by initiating fault-clearing actions such as selective tripping of circuit breakers. Following the successful fault clearance, a subsequent action of significant importance, is the meticulous estimation of its location as a means to accelerate the line restoration, reduce down-time, limit recovery and repair costs, and hence elevate the overall availability and reliability of the transmission system. In order to capture DC-side fault transients for protection and fault location applications, measuring equipment is required to be placed on HVDC installations. This paper focuses primarily on reviewing the available technologies from the perspective of enabling protection, fault location and automation applications in HVDC systems. The review constitutes a mapping of protection and fault location functions, against the available voltage and current measuring technologies, ultimately unlocking insights for selecting measuring equipment based on the desirable characteristics of protection and fault location systems. The review also revealed that the frequency characteristics of each sensing scheme, primarily refers to the bandwidth of the primary sensor, whereas the overall bandwidth of the complete measuring scheme may be further restricted by the secondary converter and corresponding data acquisition system and signal processing electronics. It was also identified that the use of RC voltage dividers has prevailed for voltage measurements for HVDC applications, due to their superior advantages. The choice of a suitable device for current measurement, depends mainly on the fault detection method used and the frequency range it operates. In particular, the review revealed that fault detection and protection methods are mainly concentrated in a frequency spectrum ranging from a few kHz to 100 kHz, while fault location methods require measurements with a frequency range from 100 kHz up to 2 MHz.

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Section: B Optical Sensors Based On Pockels Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Optical Sensors Based On Pockels Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optical voltage sensors usually use BGO crystal. The induced phase retardation δ between two orthogonal optical components of the output light is given by [122]:…”

Section: B Optical Sensors Based On Pockels Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Optical Sensors Based On Pockels Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Voltage and Current Measuring Technologies for High Voltage Direct Current Supergrids: A Technology Review Identifying the Options for Protection, Fault Location and Automation Applications

et al. 2020

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“…The DC voltage transformers based on RC voltage dividers are widely used in DC transmissions lines but they present some drawbacks that could affect measurement accuracy: resistance changes with high temperature, corona discharge, leakage current associated to insulation impedance or electromagnetic interferences [6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: A DC High Voltage Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection Systems for Multi-Terminal HVDC Grids

Larruskain¹,

Ehu²,

Valverde³

et al. 2018

REPQJ

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Nowadays the protection of Voltage Sourced Converters (VSC-HVDC) is still a challenge as the high fault currents can damage seriously the converters. Nevertheless, the protection of HVDC grids is more complicated than point-topoint links, because of the specific requirements of HVDC grids. The protection system must detect and clear the faults within a demanding time. Moreover, HVDC circuit breakers are still not available, complicating the selective protection of the grid. Accordingly, since the protection of HVDC grids is so demanding, this issue is one of the biggest obstacles to develop HVDC grids. In this paper the protection system for HVDC grids is presented, including the measurement technology, fault detection and location algorithms and HVDC circuit breaker technology.

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