Review of Research On Child Maltreatment and Violence in Youth

Maas, Carl D.; Herrenkohl, Todd I.; Sousa, Cindy

doi:10.1177/1524838007311105

Cited by 231 publications

(174 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Várias hipóteses explicativas para essa relação são exploradas na literatura [26][27][28] . É consensual, entre os autores, que o estresse associado ao testemunho da violência familiar pode contribuir para problemas emocionais e comportamentais, como a ansiedade, a depressão e os transtornos de conduta na criança; eventos que interferem negativamente no desenvolvimento cognitivo 29 . Conjecturase ainda, na literatura, que famílias em precárias condições emocionais tenham menor disponibilidade para o cuidado e interação com a criança, elevando o risco de doenças e retardo do crescimento e desenvolvimento 28 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Influence of domestic violence on the association between malnutrition and low cognitive development

Silva¹,

Assis²,

Hasselmann³

et al. 2012

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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Objective: To investigate the size and direction of the association between malnutrition and low cognitive performance and to evaluate the effect of domestic violence on this association. Methods:This cross-sectional study enrolled students of both sexes, aged 7 to 14 years old, attending public elementary schools. The Raven's Progressive Matrices Test was used to measure cognitive development, the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2), to measure domestic violence, and the body mass index (BMI) for age and sex, to define anthropometric indices. Socioeconomic data and information about food intake were also collected. Malnutrition was defined as BMI < 3rd percentile. Cognitive deficit was defined when the results of Raven's test were ≤ 25th percentile. Family violence was defined as a positive answer in at least one item about severe physical violence in the last 12 months. The size of the associations of interest was expressed as prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI).Results: Below-average intellectual development was found for 63.3% of the participants. Malnutrition was identified in 9.5%. Malnutrition had a negative effect on cognitive performance (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.01 -2.52; p = 0.042) when adjusted for the association between exposure to domestic violence and age. Conclusion:The association between malnutrition and belowaverage intellectual development found in this study was affected by domestic violence, which must be taken into account when addressing the problem.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2012;88(2):149-54: Nutrition, cognitive development, domestic violence, students. ResumoObjetivo: Verificar a direção e a magnitude da associação entre desnutrição e baixo desempenho cognitivo. Além disso, avaliar a influência da violência familiar nessa relação.Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal em que participaram estudantes, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 7 e 14 anos, provenientes da rede pública do ensino fundamental. O teste das matrizes progressivas de Raven foi utilizado para mensurar desenvolvimento cognitivo; as escalas táticas de conflito revisadas, para mensurar a violência familiar; e o índice de massa corporal, para diagnóstico do estado nutricional. Foram ainda obtidas informações socioeconômicas e aquelas referentes ao consumo alimentar. A desnutrição foi classificada com base no índice de massa corporal < percentil 3; o baixo nível cognitivo, nos resultados do Raven ≤ percentil 25. Considerou-se caso de violência familiar uma resposta positiva a qualquer um dos atos de violência física grave durante os últimos 12 meses. A magnitude das associações de interesses foi expressa em razão de prevalência e respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95%.Resultados: Identificou-se que 63,3% dos participantes encontravam-se com desenvolvimento intelectual abaixo da média. A desnutrição foi identificada em 9,5%. Os dados revelaram a influencia negativa da desnutrição sobre o baixo desempenho cognitivo (razão de prevalência ajustada = 1,60; intervalo de ...

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Influence of domestic violence on the association between malnutrition and low cognitive development

Silva¹,

Assis²,

Hasselmann³

et al. 2012

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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show abstract

“…Beyond these offender-based variables, there is also considerable evidence that various forms of violence, abuse, depravity, and suffering that occur in early life environments engender maladaptive and antisocial behaviors across contexts including periods of confinement (Farrington & Welsh, 2007;DeLisi & Muñoz, 2003;Gover, 2004;Maas, Herrenkohl, & Sousa, 2008;McCord, 1991;Patterson, 1982;Teague, Mazerolle, Legosz, & Sanderson, 2008;Wright, Tibbetts, & Daigle, 2008). Indeed, environmental exposure to violence figures directly or indirectly in many theoretical explanations of crime including social learning, cultural deviance, general strain, differential oppression, and self-control.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cycle of Violence Behind Bars: Traumatization and Institutional Misconduct Among Juvenile Delinquents in Confinement

DeLisi

Drury

Kosloski

et al. 2009

Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice

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The prospective link between early life exposure to violence and victimization and subsequent antisocial behaviors is known as the cycle of violence. Although the cycle of violence has been linked to an array of behavioral and psychiatric outcomes, less is known about its relationship to compliance with the juvenile/criminal justice systems. Data from 813 confined delinquents selected from the California Youth Authority and the Traumatic Experiences scale from the Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument Version 2 (MAYSI-2) were used to examine the cycle of violence and three forms of misconduct. After controlling for other 18 demographics, delinquent history, commitment offense type, and comorbid psychiatric symptoms that are consistent with the importation model of inmate behavior, the authors found that wards with greater exposure to early life trauma evinced more sexual misconduct, suicidal activity, and total misconduct reviewed by the parole board. Implications and discussion for future research are offered.

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“…No single factor is responsible for juvenile offending and subsequent incarcera tions (Widom, 1991;Preski and Shelton, 2001;Turner et al, 2007;Maas et al, 2008); minority race (Poe-Yamagata and Jones, 2000), early childhood behaviour problems (Howing et al, 1990;Buka and Earls, 1993;Shader, 2003) and poor family functioning (Widom, 1991;Shader, 2003) have all been implicated.…”

Section: Juvenile Delinquency and Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting juvenile delinquency: The nexus of childhood maltreatment, depression and bipolar disorder

Mallett

Dare

Seck

2009

Criminal Behav Ment Health

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Background It is important to identify and provide preventative interventions for youth who are most at risk for offending behaviour, but the connection between early childhood or adolescent experiences and later delinquency adjudication is complicated.Aim To test for associations between specified mental disorders or maltreatment and later delinquency adjudication.Method Participants were a random sample of youth before the juvenile courts in two Northeast Ohio counties in the USA (n = 555) over a 4‐year time frame (2003 to 2006).Results Logistic regression analysis identified a lifetime diagnosis of depression and/or bipolar disorder to be predictive of later youth delinquency adjudication, but found that childhood maltreatment (or involvement with the child welfare system) made delinquency outcomes less likely.Implications Study implications are discussed as they relate to professionals working in the fields of child welfare, social work, mental health and juvenile justice. Awareness of risks associated with maltreatment may have led to effective interventions, while there may be less awareness of risks from depression in young people; however, studies tend not to take account of intervention variables. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Review of Research On Child Maltreatment and Violence in Youth

Cited by 231 publications

References 30 publications

Influence of domestic violence on the association between malnutrition and low cognitive development

Influence of domestic violence on the association between malnutrition and low cognitive development

The Cycle of Violence Behind Bars: Traumatization and Institutional Misconduct Among Juvenile Delinquents in Confinement

Predicting juvenile delinquency: The nexus of childhood maltreatment, depression and bipolar disorder

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