Review of Latest Advances in 3GPP Standardization: D2D Communication in 5G Systems and Its Energy Consumption Models

Höyhtyä, Marko; Apilo, Olli; Lasanen, Mika

doi:10.3390/fi10010003

Cited by 116 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The overall coverage area will be up to 100 kilometers and there will be seamless communication between the existing 3GPP system and the maritime radio communication system. It will also support voice communication and data communication between different vessels at sea [19]. This inter-vehicular communication can occur using D2D communication technology.…”

Section: D2d Use Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review of 3GPP Standardization of Device-to-Device Communication in Cellular Networks

Kar

Sanyal

2019

SN COMPUT. SCI.

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Device-to-device (D2D) communication is rapidly evolving into a viable method of information exchange in a cellular network. It has a very low end-to-end latency and can increase spectral efficiency of a cellular network. The latest releases of 3GPP specification have given considerable attention to standardize this mode of communication and integrate it in the ecosystem of LTE advanced. This will give more impetus to the development of D2D technologies and their adoption by mobile operators. This paper presents a discussion and critical analysis of the main features of D2D communication as defined in Release 12 and subsequent releases of 3GPP specifications.

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Section: D2d Use Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review of 3GPP Standardization of Device-to-Device Communication in Cellular Networks

Kar

Sanyal

2019

SN COMPUT. SCI.

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“…When two (or more) ProSe-enabled devices have discovered each other, they can start direct communication over the direct link between them. From a network perspective, peer discovery can be controlled hardly or softly by the base station [40]. The interface between the EPC and the ProSe function is called PC4.…”

Section: Rf Fingerprint Positioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving RF Fingerprinting Methods by Means of D2D Communication Protocol

2019

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Radio Frequency (RF) fingerprinting is widely applied for indoor positioning due to the existing Wi-Fi infrastructure present in most indoor spaces (home, work, leisure, among others) and the widespread usage of smartphones everywhere. It corresponds to a simple idea, the signal signature in a location tends to be stable over the time. Therefore, with the signals received from multiple APs, a unique fingerprint can be created. However, the Wi-Fi signal is affected by many factors which degrade the positioning error range to around a few meters. This paper introduces a collaborative method based on device-to-device (D2D) communication to improve the positioning accuracy using only fingerprinting and the direct communication to nearby devices. The results presented in this paper show that the positioning error can be reduced around 44% by considering D2D communication in the operational stage without adding new infrastructure for fingerprinting or complex resource-consuming filters. Moreover, the presence of very large errors is significantly reduced when the collaborative positioning based on D2D is available.

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“…The 1 ms challenge puts high constraints on the communication network design. The current cellular network structure cannot be deployed, because the latest 4G network can achieve a communication with at least 20 ms end-to-end latency [52]. Future 5G cellular system is expected to deploy new technologies such as the software defined networking (SDN), the network function virtualization (NFV) and the mobile edge computing (MEC), which can reduce the communication delay but not to 1 ms [29].…”

Section: One Millisecond Challengementioning

confidence: 99%

Model Mediation to Overcome Light Limitations—Toward a Secure Tactile Internet System

Ateya

Muthanna

Vybornova

et al. 2019

JSAN

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Enabling haptic communication as well as voice and data over the future 5G cellular system has become a demand. Tactile Internet is one of the main use cases of the 5G system that will allow the transfer of haptic communications in real time. Latency, availability, reliability, and security are the main design challenges of the tactile Internet system and haptic based bilateral teleoperation systems. An end-to-end latency of 1 ms remains the main challenge toward tactile Internet system realization, not only for the processing and coding delays but mainly for the limitations of light. In this work, we analyze the key solutions to overcome the light limitations and enable the tactile Internet over any distances with the required latency. Building a virtual model or model mediated for the remote environment at the edge cloud unit near to the end user is the main solution. By means of AI, the virtual model can predict the behavior of the remote environment and thus, the end user can interact with the virtual environment with a high system experience. This literature review covers the existing work of the model mediated bilateral teleoperated systems and discusses its availability for the tactile Internet system. Furthermore, the security issues of tactile Internet system and the effect of model mediated system on the required security level of tactile Internet applications are discussed. Finally, a structure for the tactile Internet system, with the deployment of model mediation, is suggested.

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Review of Latest Advances in 3GPP Standardization: D2D Communication in 5G Systems and Its Energy Consumption Models

Cited by 116 publications

References 31 publications

A Critical Review of 3GPP Standardization of Device-to-Device Communication in Cellular Networks

A Critical Review of 3GPP Standardization of Device-to-Device Communication in Cellular Networks

Improving RF Fingerprinting Methods by Means of D2D Communication Protocol

Model Mediation to Overcome Light Limitations—Toward a Secure Tactile Internet System

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