Review: Carbon nanotube based electrochemical sensors for biomolecules

Jacobs, Christopher B.; Peairs, M. Jennifer; Venton, B. Jill

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2010.01.009

Cited by 905 publications

(471 citation statements)

References 204 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

451

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Recently, CNTs have been incorporated into electrochemical sensors since they offer unique advantages including enhanced electronic properties, a large edge plane/basal plane ratio, and fast electrode kinetics. Therefore, CNT-based sensors generally have higher sensitivities, lower limits of detection, and faster electron transfer kinetics than traditional carbon electrodes [21]. The insolubility of CNTs in all solvents is considered an important drawback to their use in electrochemical sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Determination of the Herbicide Bentazone Using a Carbon Nanotube β‐Cyclodextrin Modified Electrode

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An electrochemical sensor has been developed for the determination of the herbicide bentazone, based on a GC electrode modified by a combination of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) with b-cyclodextrin (b-CD) incorporated in a polyaniline film. The results indicate that the b-CD/MWCNT modified GC electrode exhibits efficient electrocatalytic oxidation of bentazone with high sensitivity and stability. A cyclic voltammetric method to determine bentazone in phosphate buffer solution at pH 6.0, was developed, without any previous extraction, clean-up, or derivatization steps, in the range of 10-80 mmol L À1 , with a detection limit of 1.6 mmol L À1 in water. The results were compared with those obtained by an established HPLC technique. No statistically significant differences being found between both methods.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Determination of the Herbicide Bentazone Using a Carbon Nanotube β‐Cyclodextrin Modified Electrode

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These biosensors use the charge of biomolecules to gate the current through a transistor (2). Frequently, the transistor is based on a quasi-1D nanostructure, such as a nanowire (NW) or nanotube, and the biomolecules bind directly to the surface of the nanoscale structure (1,3). The use of such nanostructures is justified by the belief that nanoscale biosensors are more sensitive, with sensitivity defined as the relative change in drain current or a shift in threshold voltage in response to a change in bound biomolecule density.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the origin of enhanced sensitivity in nanoscale FET-based biosensors

Shoorideh¹,

Chui

2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

128

110

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Electrostatic counter ion screening is a phenomenon that is detrimental to the sensitivity of charge detection in electrolytic environments, such as in field-effect transistor-based biosensors. Using simple analytical arguments, we show that electrostatic screening is weaker in the vicinity of concave curved surfaces, and stronger in the vicinity of convex surfaces. We use this insight to show, using numerical simulations, that the enhanced sensitivity observed in nanoscale biosensors is due to binding of biomolecules in concave corners where screening is reduced. We show that the traditional argument, that increased surface area-to-volume ratio for nanoscale sensors is responsible for their increased sensitivity, is incorrect.I n recent years, there has been a major drive to use field-effect transistor (FET)-based devices to detect biological molecules in electrolytic environments (1). These biosensors use the charge of biomolecules to gate the current through a transistor (2). Frequently, the transistor is based on a quasi-1D nanostructure, such as a nanowire (NW) or nanotube, and the biomolecules bind directly to the surface of the nanoscale structure (1, 3). The use of such nanostructures is justified by the belief that nanoscale biosensors are more sensitive, with sensitivity defined as the relative change in drain current or a shift in threshold voltage in response to a change in bound biomolecule density. A few experiments specifically studied the effect of shrinking nanowire radii on sensitivity, albeit with varying structures, analytes, and sensing circumstances, and found that shrinking a sensor's dimensions indeed improves its sensitivity (4-6). The enhanced sensitivity has been loosely attributed to the increase in the sensor's surface area-to-volume ratio, which is a direct result of shrinking its dimensions. This argument has been analytically justified in the context of gas sensors (7). However, there is a fundamental difference between gas and biomolecule sensing: biomolecule sensing is performed in an electrolyte, and the ions therein will screen the charge of bound biomolecules in a phenomenon known as Debye screening (8, 9). The direct application of the gas sensing result to the biosensing environment implicitly assumes that the screening effect does not change with shrinking dimensions, an assumption we believe to be false. There have been studies that included a rigorous treatment of screening in biosensors, but they studied neither the specific cause of increased sensitivity at the nanoscale, nor the effect of varying size on screening behavior (10). We believe the phenomenon responsible for the increased sensitivity of nanowires in particular, and nanostructured biosensors in general, have not yet been uncovered by the research community.We have previously dissected the operation of biosensors into two independent parts to better understand the underlying physics (11): first, biomolecule charges cause a change in the local electrostatic potential at the outer surface of the gate dielectri...

show abstract

“…[8][9][10][11] CNTs have been one of the most actively studied electrode materials in the past few years due to their unique electronic and mechanical properties. 12,13 On the other hand, the MWNTs were functionalized with various monomers by RIGP in an aqueous solution at room temperature using γ-irradiation. 14 The boronic acid-functionalized MWNTs were used as a supporting material for detecting glucose that has no enzymes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction of Various Amine Groups onto Poly(glycidyl methacrylate)-g-MWNTs and their Application as Biosensor Supports

)¹,

김기출²,

최성호³

2012

Polymer Korea

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A tyrosinase-immobilized biosensor was developed based on various amine-modified multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) supports for the detection of phenolic compounds. MWNTs with various amine groups were prepared by radiation-induced graft polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) onto MWNT supports and the subsequent amination of poly(GMA) graft chains. The physical and chemical properties of the poly(GMA)-grafted MWNT supports and the aminated MWNT supports were investigated by SEM, XPS, and TGA. Furthermore, the electrochemical properties of the prepared tyrosinase-modified biosensor based on MWNT supports with amine groups were also investigated. The response of the enzymatic biosensor was in the range of 0.1-0.9 mM for the concentration of phenol in a phosphate buffer solution. Various parameters influencing biosensor performance have been optimized: binder effects, pH, temperature, and the response to various phenolic compounds. The biosensor was tested on phenolic compounds contained in two different commercial red wines.

show abstract

Review: Carbon nanotube based electrochemical sensors for biomolecules

Cited by 905 publications

References 204 publications

Electrochemical Determination of the Herbicide Bentazone Using a Carbon Nanotube β‐Cyclodextrin Modified Electrode

Electrochemical Determination of the Herbicide Bentazone Using a Carbon Nanotube β‐Cyclodextrin Modified Electrode

On the origin of enhanced sensitivity in nanoscale FET-based biosensors

Introduction of Various Amine Groups onto Poly(glycidyl methacrylate)-g-MWNTs and their Application as Biosensor Supports

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About