Retrospective Analysis of the Cholera Cases Imported to France From 1973 to 2005

Tarantola, Arnaud; Ioos, Sophie; Rotureau, Brice; Pascal, Christophe; Quilici, Marie‐Laure; Fournier, Jean‐Michel

doi:10.1111/j.1708-8305.2007.00129.x

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In France, the rare cases of cholera are imported (Geneste et al, 2000 ; Tarantola et al, 2007 ), thus the presence of the main virulence factors of cholera, ctxA and tcpA , is very improbable in the aquatic population of V. cholerae . The products of the ctxA gene are involved in interactions with the host that are responsible for pathological damage (Wassenaar and Gaastra, 2001 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Susceptibility among Urban Wastewater and Wild Shellfish Isolates of Non-O1/Non-O139 Vibrio cholerae from La Rance Estuary (Brittany, France)

et al. 2017

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The early 2000s marked the end of the Golden age of the antibiotics and the beginning of the awareness on the potential threat to human health due to the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance. As a base-line study, we investigated the antimicrobial susceptibility of 99 strains of non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae isolated from wastewater and shellfish in 2000/2001 within La Rance estuary (Brittany, France). All isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefotaxime, imipenem, chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, amikacin, gentamicin, tetracycline, doxycycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and erythromycin. The only resistances were to streptomycin, sulfonamides and ampicillin: 54.6% of the isolates had acquired resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent among them and only six isolates from cockles were multidrug resistant. On the basis of the distribution of a limited selection of resistance associated genes, our study shows that V. cholerae can constitute an environmental reservoir for these genes. However, none of our isolates harbored integron. This result casts doubt on the capacity of non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae to acquire resistance-associated genes in such context, and on its potential role of indicator of the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in the aquatic environment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Susceptibility among Urban Wastewater and Wild Shellfish Isolates of Non-O1/Non-O139 Vibrio cholerae from La Rance Estuary (Brittany, France)

et al. 2017

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“…Most relief workers probably come from countries without endemic cholera, but they cannot definitely be ruled out as a source of cholera in Haiti. For example, in industrialized countries, cholera has been detected among travelers, albeit in smaller numbers, returning home from cholera-endemic areas ( 3 , 4 ). However, Piarroux et al offered no information about travelers or relief workers or whether they had been screened for V. cholerae infection before coming to Haiti ( 1 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Understanding the Cholera Epidemic, Haiti

Pun¹

2011

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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To the EditorAfter the devastating outbreak of cholera in Haiti in mid-October 2010, several hypotheses have emerged regarding the origin of the outbreak. Some articles and media reports pointed to the United Nations peacekeepers from Nepal as the source. Piarroux et al. drew a similar conclusion from their epidemiologic study (1). Nepal did experience an outbreak of cholera during August–October 2010, in which 72 cases of infection with Vibrio cholerae O1, serotype Ogawa, were confirmed, mostly among young adult males. The cases peaked from mid-September to early October (Figure; Figure A1), and no deaths occurred. Despite this similarity in timing, I believe several points need to be considered before a firm conclusion is reached.

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“…The disease was easily brought back to Europe by colonial troops, migrant workers, refugees or tourists. Studies on imported cholera cases in Europe between the mid-1970s and late 1980s showed that most of these cases occurred in citizens of nations in which cholera was endemic (migrant workers or refugees), mostly in North Africa 32 , 33 . The outbreaks in Southern Europe were of limited size, with the exception of the 1974–1975 outbreak in Portugal.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The seventh pandemic of cholera in Europe revisited by microbial genomics

Oprea¹,

Njamkepo

Cristea³

et al. 2020

Nat Commun

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In 1970, the seventh pandemic of cholera (7 P) reached both Africa and Europe. Between 1970 and 2011, several European countries reported cholera outbreaks of a few to more than 2,000 cases. We report here a whole-genome analysis of 1,324 7 P V. cholerae El Tor (7 PET) isolates, including 172 from autochthonous sporadic or outbreak cholera cases occurring between 1970 and 2011 in Europe, providing insight into the spatial and temporal spread of this pathogen across Europe. In this work, we show that the 7 PET lineage was introduced at least eight times into two main regions: Eastern and Southern Europe. Greater recurrence of the disease was observed in Eastern Europe, where it persisted until 2011. It was introduced into this region from Southern Asia, often circulating regionally in the countries bordering the Black Sea, and in the Middle East before reaching Eastern Africa on several occasions. In Southern Europe, the disease was mostly seen in individual countries during the 1970s and was imported from North and West Africa, except in 1994, when cholera was imported into Albania and Italy from the Black Sea region. These results shed light on the geographic course of cholera during the seventh pandemic and highlight the role of humans in its global dissemination.

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Retrospective Analysis of the Cholera Cases Imported to France From 1973 to 2005

Abstract: The patient profile seems to have evolved and increasingly concerns people at the extreme ages of life, living elsewhere than the principal basins of immigration in France, and diagnosis is increasingly made in nonteaching hospitals. The lessons likely to help clinicians will be discussed.

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Antimicrobial Susceptibility among Urban Wastewater and Wild Shellfish Isolates of Non-O1/Non-O139 Vibrio cholerae from La Rance Estuary (Brittany, France)

Antimicrobial Susceptibility among Urban Wastewater and Wild Shellfish Isolates of Non-O1/Non-O139 Vibrio cholerae from La Rance Estuary (Brittany, France)

Understanding the Cholera Epidemic, Haiti

The seventh pandemic of cholera in Europe revisited by microbial genomics

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