Retraction notice to “A Review of Biodiesel Production Processes” [Biomass Bioenergy 35 (2011) 1008–1020]

Andrade, J.E.; Pérez, Armando; Sebastián, P.J.; Eapen, D.

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.05.019

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Since the reaction is reversible, the excess of alcohol is used to shift the equilibrium towards the product side (Andrade et al, 2011;Ma & Hanna, 1999) .The resulting complete reaction of the chemical alcoholysis is as follows (Figure 1). …”

Section: Reaction Of Chemical Alcoholysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a hydrolyzed oil obtained from fish waste for nutraceutical application

Nascimento¹,

Bermúdez²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2015

Food Sci. Technol (Campinas)

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The fish industry generates high volume of waste from fish oil that can have the extraction of its lipids used as nutraceuticals and foods. The objective of this study was to produce unsaturated fatty acids from industrialized fish oil by means of a differentiated hydrolysis process. The samples used were crude fish oil obtained from Campestre industry and characterized through physicalchemical parameters, according to ADCS: acidity, peroxide, saponification, iodine and percentage of free fatty acids and also obtained the fatty acid profile through derivatization method for gas chromatography. The results obtained for the oleochemical indices for refined oil were similar to the data found on the literature. The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was found of 32,78%, with 9,12% of docosahexaenoic (DHA) and 10,36% of eicosapentaenoic (EPA), regarding monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) content was of 30,59% in the hydrolyzed fish oil in relation to refined (20,06%). Thus, it can be concluded that the hydrolysis process used for oils from fish-waste was satisfactory on the production of absolute yield of lipids in the process and significant preservation on the percentages of EPA and DHA, interesting on the production of nutraceuticals and nutrition of aquatic animals, including shrimp in captivity.

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Section: Reaction Of Chemical Alcoholysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a hydrolyzed oil obtained from fish waste for nutraceutical application

Nascimento¹,

Bermúdez²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2015

Food Sci. Technol (Campinas)

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show abstract

“…Interest in fuels obtained from renewable sources, such as biofuels, has increased significantly in recent years due to the political and economic instability of the oil market, and also because of the environmental benefits associated with decreasing levels of gaseous emissions from the combustion of fuels from non-renewable sources [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The study of biodiesel production using CaO as a heterogeneous catalytic reaction

Colombo

Ender

Barros

2017

Egyptian Journal of Petroleum

114

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With the aim of developing a process of biodiesel production that is environmentally benign much interest has been focused on the use of solid base catalysts, such as calcium oxide, for the transesterification of vegetable oils with methanol. In the study reported herein a recycling reactor was used in bench scale, with the capacity to produce 3 L of biodiesel. The reactor was designed especially for this research study. A full 2 3 factorial plan was used to evaluate the process parameters related to this study, in particular, the catalyst concentration, the alcohol to oil molar ratio and the reaction time. Using this equipment for the transesterification reaction resulted in the recovery of the excess alcohol. The reaction products were characterized using gas chromatography and liquid analysis to determine the ester and calcium concentrations, respectively. The main conclusions drawn were that the best conversion percentage (100% of biodiesel) was reached when the methanol:oil molar ratio was 6:1, the reaction time was 75 min and the catalyst mass was 3% in relation to the oil mass used in this process. The CaO concentration determined exceeded the limit of concentration defined by legislation and thus a secondary operation was carried out to purify the reaction products obtained. The results of this study showed a high performance, and the proposed experiment could be used as a new and innovative way to produce biodiesel in the future.

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“…Various routes have been proposed for both chemical and enzymatic process of biodiesel production [11][12][13] . The most common method is the transesterification of oils or fats with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst [14,15] . Catalyst might be base, acid, or enzyme.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Decolorization of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil

Liu

Chen

2011

AMR

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Biodiesel has become more attractive recently because of its environmental benefits, and the fact that it is derived from renewable resources. Recently, the acidic oil and waste cooking oil were the main resources for the biodiesel production, due to the economical and environmental consideration. However, the product obtained from the transesterification with dark colour. Activated carbon (ACN), activated clay (ACY), activated bleaching earth (ABE), attapulgite (ATE) were employed to refine the undecolored biodiesel. Among all studied decolorants, activated clay exhibited higher activity and more economically competitive. In addition, decoloring process of undecolored biodiesel by activated clay was performed; the optimum conditions were obtained as decoloring temperature 60°C, time 60 min and dosage of activated clay 3 wt. % at atmospheric pressure. Besides, the water content of biodiesel should be below 1 wt. % while ACY was used as decolorant. This paper compared contents and features of decolorization by ACY and rectification under vacuum. The results indicated that higher decolorization ratio(DR) and better quality product will be achieved through rectification, while the decolorization by ACY method should be an proper choice if the biodiesel solded by mixing with diesel fuel.

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Retraction notice to “A Review of Biodiesel Production Processes” [Biomass Bioenergy 35 (2011) 1008–1020]

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Characterization of a hydrolyzed oil obtained from fish waste for nutraceutical application

Characterization of a hydrolyzed oil obtained from fish waste for nutraceutical application

The study of biodiesel production using CaO as a heterogeneous catalytic reaction

Study on the Decolorization of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil

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