The study of biodiesel production using CaO as a heterogeneous catalytic reaction

Abstract

With the aim of developing a process of biodiesel production that is environmentally benign much interest has been focused on the use of solid base catalysts, such as calcium oxide, for the transesterification of vegetable oils with methanol. In the study reported herein a recycling reactor was used in bench scale, with the capacity to produce 3 L of biodiesel. The reactor was designed especially for this research study. A full 2 3 factorial plan was used to evaluate the process parameters related to this study, in particular, the catalyst concentration, the alcohol to oil molar ratio and the reaction time. Using this equipment for the transesterification reaction resulted in the recovery of the excess alcohol. The reaction products were characterized using gas chromatography and liquid analysis to determine the ester and calcium concentrations, respectively. The main conclusions drawn were that the best conversion percentage (100% of biodiesel) was reached when the methanol:oil molar ratio was 6:1, the reaction time was 75 min and the catalyst mass was 3% in relation to the oil mass used in this process. The CaO concentration determined exceeded the limit of concentration defined by legislation and thus a secondary operation was carried out to purify the reaction products obtained. The results of this study showed a high performance, and the proposed experiment could be used as a new and innovative way to produce biodiesel in the future.

Valorization of Food and Agricultural Waste: A Step towards Greener Future

“…Calcium oxide is a popularly employed heterogeneous base catalyst for the biodiesel generation by researchers. Its low cost, ease of handling and highly basic nature makes it a popular choice . In the calcium oxide catalysed transesterification reaction, CaO is used as the starting material, but once glycerol is formed, CaO gets converted into calcium diglyceroxide (CaDG) that acts as the solid base catalyst.…”

Techno-Economic Performance of Different Technological Based Bio-Refineries for Biofuel Production

“…In this technology option, the dominant reaction was a CaO-catalyzed transesterification reaction for which excess amount of ethanol was used to favor forward reaction for more biodiesel production [20,32]. There was also an unavoidable saponification reaction between the FFA and the catalyst, which could not be dominant due to the relatively lower amount of FFA.…”

The Kinetics of Calcium Oxide Catalyzed Esterification of Glycerol with Free Fatty Acids Using Pseudo-homogeneous Model Approach

“…Huang et al (2013) produced MDAG using Lipase GHI enzyme. Meanwhile, the use of glycerol in MDAG production can give a benefit because glycerol is the primary waste generated from biodiesel production (Adhitasari et al, 2017;Colombo et al, 2016).…”

“…This research presents the study of the esterification of glycerol with cocoa based FFA using calcium oxide catalyst derived from eggshell ash. This solid catalyst facilitates cheaper and easier product separation than the liquid catalyst (Colombo et al, 2016;Niju et al, 2014;Nuryoto et al, 2017;Purba et al, 2014;Tshizanga and Aransiola, 2017). Eggshell is abundantly available in Indonesia and it contains up to 66.16% calcium oxide.…”