Retinal Capillary Density and Foveal Avascular Zone Area Are Age-Dependent: Quantitative Analysis Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Iafe, Nicholas A.; Phasukkijwatana, Nopasak; Chen, Xuejing; Sarraf, David

doi:10.1167/iovs.16-20045

Cited by 256 publications

(263 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Furthermore, although we observe significant progression rates over time, the progression rate of perfusion density at the SCP was not different from that at the DCP (P = 0.986), with similar findings observed for the FAZ area (P = 0.053). In normal subjects, the progression rates of both FAZ area and perfusion density between the SCP and DCP were also similar, as described above 10 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…In our study, we found that at any given visit, the SCP exhibited perfusion density and FAZ area values that significantly differed from those of the DCP (P < 0.001 for all comparisons). Another previous study analyzed normal subjects with OCT-A and quantified progression rates of perfusion density and FAZ area at the SCP and DCP 10 . They reported that perfusion density decreases at a rate of 0.26% per year at the SCP and 0.27% per year at the DCP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative progression of retinitis pigmentosa by optical coherence tomography angiography

Jauregui

Park

Duong

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) is a non-invasive alternative to fluorescein angiography that allows for the study of the retinal and choroidal vasculatures. In this retrospective cohort study of 28 patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP), we used OCT-A to quantify changes in perfusion density, foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, and choriocapillaris blood flow over time and correlated these variables with ellipsoid zone (EZ) line width and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Perfusion density decreased by 2.42 ± 0.62% per year at the superior capillary plexus (SCP) (P = 0.001) and 2.41 ± 0.76% per year at the deep capillary plexus (DCP) (P = 0.004). FAZ area increased by 0.078 ± 0.021 mm2 per year (P = 0.001) at the SCP and 0.152 ± 0.039 mm2 per year (P = 0.001) at the DCP. No changes were observed in the choriocapillaris blood flow. EZ line width had the strongest correlation to perfusion density at the SCP (r = 0.660 and 0.635, first and second visit, respectively, P = 0.001), while BCVA most strongly correlated with FAZ area at the SCP (r = 0.679 and 0.548, P = 0.001 and 0.003). Our results suggest that OCT-A is a useful tool for monitoring RP disease progression and may be used to measure retinal vascular parameters as outcomes in clinical trials.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative progression of retinitis pigmentosa by optical coherence tomography angiography

Jauregui

Park

Duong

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…Gadde et al reported that age did not affect SCP vessel density, 36 while other reports found that SCP vessel density decreased with increasing age. 19, 31, 39, 40 The study by Gadde et al had a relatively small sample size (n = 18) and a younger (< 68 years) age group, which may explain at least in part the differences in the results. Additionally, the impact of SSI on the vessel density measurements was significant and strong (coefficient: 0.29% to 0.37% per unit in multivariate analysis) in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Progressive Macula Vessel Density Loss in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Longitudinal Study

Shoji

Zangwill

Akagi

et al. 2017

American Journal of Ophthalmology

172

139

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Purpose To characterize the rate of macula vessel density loss in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), glaucoma suspect, and healthy eyes. Design Longitudinal, observational cohort from the Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study. Methods One hundred eyes (32 POAG, 30 glaucoma suspect and 38 healthy) followed for at least one year with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) imaging on at least two visits were included. Vessel density was calculated in the macula superficial layer. The rate of change was compared across diagnostic groups using multivariate linear mixed-effects model. Results Baseline macula vessel density was highest in healthy eyes, followed by glaucoma-suspect and POAG eyes (P < 0.01). The rate of vessel density loss was significantly different from zero in the POAG, but not in the glaucoma suspect or healthy eyes. The mean rate of change in macula whole en-face vessel density was significantly faster in glaucoma eyes (−2.23 %/yr) than in glaucoma suspect (0.87%/yr, P = 0.001) or healthy eyes (0.29 %/yr, P = 0.004). Conversely, the rate of change in ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness was not significantly different from zero in any diagnostic group, and no significant differences in the rate of GCC change among diagnostic groups were found. Conclusions With a mean follow-up of less than 14 months, eyes with POAG had significantly faster loss of macula vessel density than either glaucoma suspect or healthy eyes. Serial OCT-A measurements also detected glaucomatous change in macula vessel density in eyes without evidence of change in GCC thickness.

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“…Agemy et al 28 evaluated retinal capillary density in a group of five healthy subjects with ages ranging from 52 to 58 and found a coefficient of variation of less than 7%. Iafe et al 29 found that capillary density declined while the FAZ area expanded with age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Identification of imaging features that determine quality and repeatability of retinal capillary plexus density measurements in OCT angiography

Fenner

Tan

et al. 2017

Br J Ophthalmol

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Retinal Capillary Density and Foveal Avascular Zone Area Are Age-Dependent: Quantitative Analysis Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Abstract: SCP and DCP vessel density decreased with increasing age, while FAZ area increased with age. Normal age-matched measurements provide important standardized values that may facilitate management of retinal vascular disorders.

Cited by 256 publications

References 37 publications

Quantitative progression of retinitis pigmentosa by optical coherence tomography angiography

Quantitative progression of retinitis pigmentosa by optical coherence tomography angiography

Progressive Macula Vessel Density Loss in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Longitudinal Study

Identification of imaging features that determine quality and repeatability of retinal capillary plexus density measurements in OCT angiography

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