Respostas cardiovasculares agudas de três protocolos de exercício resistido em idosas DOI:10.5007/1980-0037.2010v12n2p112

Abstract

Resumo -As respostas cardiovasculares agudas foram comparadas entre três diferentes protocolos de treinamento resistido de alta velocidade de contração muscular em mulheres idosas destreinadas. Doze voluntárias, aparentemente saudáveis (62.6 ± 2,9 anos), realizaram três diferentes protocolos no supino horizontal (SH) e no leg press 45º (LP). Todos os protocolos envolveram três séries de 10 repetições realizados com uma carga de 10RM e 2 minutos de recuperação entre as séries. O protocolo contínuo consistiu em 10 repetições, com nenhuma pausa entre as repetições. Os protocolos descontínuos foram realizados com uma pausa de cinco (PD5) ou 15 (PD15) segundos, entre a quinta e sexta repetições. Frequência cardíaca (FC), pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e duplo produto (DP) foram avaliados no repouso e ao final de todas as séries nos exercícios. ANOVA fatorial foi usada para comparar as respostas cardiovasculares entre os diferentes protocolos. Comparado com o repouso, FC, PAS e DP foram respectivamente 22.3%, 23.2% e 51.2% (p < 0.05) maiores no exercício SH e 41.7%, 43.0% e 102.9% (p < 0.05) maiores no exercício LP, após a terceira série, em todos os protocolos. FC e DP foram 5.6% e 8.2% (p < 0.05), respectivamente, menores no DP5 e DP15 comparado com o PC, no exercício SH. A FC, PAS e DP foram 5.2%, 8.0% e 14,8% ,respectivamente, menores no DP5 comparado com o PC, no exercício LP. Portanto, parece que o exercício resistido de alta velocidade descontínuo tem uma menor demanda cardiovascular do que exercício resistido contínuo em mulheres idosas. Palavras-chave: Freqüência cardíaca; Pressão arterial; Duplo produto; Exercício resistido. Abstract -Acute cardiovascular responses to different high-velocity resistance exercise protocols were compared in untrained older women. Twelve apparently healthy volunteers (62.6 ± 2.9 years) performed three different protocols on the bench press (BP) and leg press (LP). All protocols consisted of three sets of 10 repetitions performed with a 10RM load and 2 min of rest between sets. The continuous protocol (CP) consisted of 10 repetitions with no pause between repetitions. The discontinuous protocols were performed with a pause of five (DP5) or 15 (DP15)seconds between the fifth and sixth repetition. Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and rate pressure product (RPP) were assessed at baseline and at the end of all exercise sets. Factorial ANOVA was used to compare the cardiovascular response among different protocols. Compared to baseline, HR, SBP and RPP were, respectively, 22.3%, 23.2% and 51.2% (p < 0.05) higher for BP exercise, and 41.7%, 43.0% and 102.9% (p < 0.05) higher for LP exercise after the third set in all protocols. For BP exercise, HR and RPP were 5.6% and 8.2% (p < 0.05) lower in DP5 and DP15, respectively, compared to CP. For LP exercise, HR, SBP and RPP were, respectively, 5.2%, 8.0% and 14.8% lower in DP5 compared to CP. In conclusion, discontinuous high-velocity resistance exercise seems to have a lower cardiovascular demand than continuous resi...

Hemodynamic Responses and Perceived Exertion During Continuous and Discontinuous Resistance Exercise

“…Hence it seems important to adopt strategies to reduce the potential increase of hemodynamic responses during resistance training sessions. One of the possible strategies that have been suggested to offset the increase in BP and heart rate (HR) during resistance exercise is to perform discontinuous sets, by adding a brief interruption at the middle of a given set of repetitions, instead of performing it continuously [1,5]. Baum et al (2003) [1] suggested that the inclusion of pauses while performing resistance exercises would mitigate the hemodynamic responses by decreasing the mechanical compression on the blood vessels and favoring the removal of local metabolites.…”

“…Consequently, there would be a reduction of vascular resistance and afferent stimulus from the exercise pressor reflex, producing lower values of BP at the end of a given set of repetitions vs. continuous sets. Based on this premise, different strategies to apply discontinuous sets have been investigated, such as splitting sets in 2 halves using pauses of 2-15 s [4,5,15], or interspersing pauses after each repetition [1]. While some studies have shown that cardiovascular responses might decrease at the end of discontinuous sets in comparison to continuous sets [1,4,5], at least one study revealed that BP after multiple discontinuous sets could be even higher than continuous sets, therefore suggesting that the BP response to discontinuous or continuous sets might rely on the type of exercise [15].…”

“…Based on this premise, different strategies to apply discontinuous sets have been investigated, such as splitting sets in 2 halves using pauses of 2-15 s [4,5,15], or interspersing pauses after each repetition [1]. While some studies have shown that cardiovascular responses might decrease at the end of discontinuous sets in comparison to continuous sets [1,4,5], at least one study revealed that BP after multiple discontinuous sets could be even higher than continuous sets, therefore suggesting that the BP response to discontinuous or continuous sets might rely on the type of exercise [15]. Other issues that are still unclear and warrant additional research include the optimal pause to induce an attenuation of hemodynamic stress in different resistance exercises and the possible mechanisms underlying the hemodynamic responses in discontinuous vs. continuous sets.…”

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“…No entanto, o aumento da PAS registado após a sessão foi estatisticamente significativo se comparado a valores basais esses dados são semelhantes ao relatado por (Focht & Koltyn 1999;MacDonald, 2002). A maioria das investigações em protocolos de treino de força descreve que a PAS e a PAM aumentam progressivamente ao longo das séries e das repetições (da Silva, Novaes, Oliveira, Camilo, & Marques, 2010). Este aumento da PA poderá estar relacionado, com o aumento do esforço causado pela fadiga, com o recrutamento de músculos acessórios, com a realização de uma parcial ou total manobra de valsalva Polito, Simão, Nóbrega, & Farinatti, 2004).…”

Avaliação da hipotensão pós-exercício resistido em praticantes de musculação

“…No entanto, o aumento da PAS registado após a sessão foi estatisticamente significativo se comparado a valores basais esses dados são semelhantes ao relatado por (Focht & Koltyn 1999;MacDonald, 2002). A maioria das investigações em protocolos de treino de força descreve que a PAS e a PAM aumentam progressivamente ao longo das séries e das repetições (da Silva, Novaes, Oliveira, Camilo, & Marques, 2010). Este aumento da PA poderá estar relacionado, com o aumento do esforço causado pela fadiga, com o recrutamento de músculos acessórios, com a realização de uma parcial ou total manobra de valsalva Polito, Simão, Nóbrega, & Farinatti, 2004).…”