Responses of broiler chicks to dietary copra cake of high lipid content

Abstract

1. Broiler chicks fed on a diet containing 500 g/kg expeller copra cake of high residual oil content not only retained less dry matter and gained less weight than those fed on a control diet with no copra, they also experienced difficulty in achieving similar food intakes. 2. Chicks given the 500 g/kg copra ration initially displayed an excited behaviour pattern, which may have developed out of frustration as they could neither derive adequate nourishment from their food nor increase food intakes sufficiently to allow them to achieve their genetic potential for growth. 3. Chicks however showed considerable adaptation in that efficiency of food utilisation and intakes were increased gradually; the latter appeared to be partly regulated by an increased intake of water that was associated with copra feeding. The surface area of the intestines was also increased in order to facilitate the absorption of nutrients, and greater proportions of the nutrients absorbed were converted into body weight. 4. There were no significant differences in 7-week body weights of chicks fed the control, 125 g/kg and 250 g/kg copra diets. Although weight gains at the 500 g/kg inclusion rate were lower, the carcases of these chicks had less abdominal fat and were consequently leaner.

Feeding value of copra meal for broilers

“…Sundu et al (2005a) combined two enzyme products, a mannan degrading enzyme and a multi enzyme mixture (Allzyme SSF ® ), and found that body weight of birds were improved significantly so that they were not significantly different from those of birds fed a control corn-soy diet. Thomas and Scott (1962); ** Pluske et al (1997); *** Sundu et al (2005b) The pattern of growth of birds fed a 25% CM diet compared with a control (corn-soy) diet was reported by Panigrahi et al (1987). Body weight and feed intake of birds fed the CM diet were significantly lower before the birds reached six weeks of age but after then they were not different.…”

“…However when it was compared with a corn-soy diet, the growth of broilers was still low. More recent findings indicated that the use of up to 25% was still safe provided that two essential amino acids, lysine and methionine, were included and the birds were maintained to 6 weeks of age (Panigrahi et al, 1987). Sundu et al (2005b) increased the inclusion of CM to 30% when supplemented with lysine and methionine in a diet balanced for metabolisable energy and digestible amino acids.…”

“…In addition, the carbohydrate is regarded as generally unusable fibre consisting principally of mannan, galactomannan and cellulose (Balasubramaniam, 1976;Dusterhoft et al, 1992 andKnudsen, 1997), and the meal has a low bulk density (0.56 g/cc) (Sundu et al, 2004b). Efforts have been made to increase its utilisation and feeding value through amino acid supplementation (Panigrahi, 1992), enzyme addition (Pluske et al, 1997) and physical modification such as pelleting, crumbling (1) Ash (%) 6-8 (1) (4) *NDF: Neutral detergent fibre; (1) Sundu et al, 2004b; (2) Thorne et al, 1989; (3) NRC, 1994; (4) Panigrahi et al, 1987. The quality of CM available commercially varies from one batch to another. There are three main factors, apart from its intrinsic nutrient content and its physical properties that influence CM quality as a poultry feedstuff.…”

Substituição do farelo de soja pelo farelo de coco em rações contendo farelo da castanha de caju para frangos de corte

“…Isso, certamente, reduziu os efeitos iniciais ao longo do tempo. Panigrahi et al (1987) e Sundu et al (2006) observaram que os efeitos negativos da inclusão do farelo de coco sobre o consumo de ração por frangos de corte foram maiores nas duas primeiras semanas de vida.…”

“…Redução no ganho de peso dos frangos de corte alimentados com rações contendo farelo de coco também foi observada por Panigrahi et al (1987) e Bastos et al (2007). Entretanto, Vasconcelos & Brandão (1995) e Jácome et al (2002), em pesquisa sobre os efeitos da utilização de farelo de coco na ração de frangos de corte, concluíram que o nível de até 20% de inclusão não afetou significativamente o ganho de peso na fase inicial e no período total.…”