Response of Seed of 10 Weed Species to Fresnel-lens-concentrated Solar Radiation

Johnson, David W.; Krall, James M.; Delaney, R. H.; Thiel, David S.

doi:10.1017/s0890037x00025082

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Even shallow seed burial (20 mm) reduced kochia emergence. Other authors have reported similar effects of seeding depth on kochia emergence (Johnson 1990;Zorner et al 1984), and some have attributed the inability of kochia to emerge from depth to small seed size (Everitt et al 1983, Mulugeta 1991.…”

Section: A a A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A mentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Several authors have suggested that kochia seed has no innate dormancy, but there is little fieldbased data on kochia seed persistence in soil (Dyer et al 1993, Everitt et al 1983, Thompson et al 1994. Kochia germinates from the soil surface, and emergence declines as burial depth increases (Everitt et al 1983;Johnson et al 1990;Stepphun and Wall 1993). Kochia emergence increased almost fourfold in no-till compared with tilled systems (Anderson and Nielsen 1996).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Emergence Timing and Persistence of Kochia (Kochia Scoparia)

Schwinghamer

Acker

2008

Weed Science

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The predictability of the spring emergence period of kochia is a potentially exploitable attribute that may be applied to weed management. The emergence timing of kochia was monitored, during the spring and summer of 2005 and 2006, in 12 farmed fields in the northern region of the Northern Great Plains (NGP) of North America. Kochia emergence began at 50 cumulative growing-degree days (GDD Tbase 0 C, starting January 1) and continued into late summer. The onset of kochia emergence occurred well before the emergence onset of other weed species common to this region. Fall soil samples revealed few kochia seeds remained in the seedbank. In growth room studies, kochia seed placed at the soil surface had greater emergence compared with seed burial to a 10 mm or greater depth. Kochia did not emerge from seed planted 80 mm deep; however, radical emergence was evident indicating fatal germination. Kochia should be controlled early in the growing season, and burying seed will greatly reduce future kochia populations.

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Section: A a A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A mentioning

confidence: 83%

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confidence: 99%

Emergence Timing and Persistence of Kochia (Kochia Scoparia)

Schwinghamer

Acker

2008

Weed Science

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“…In another study, kochia seeds buried in compost were non-viable after 3 d at 508C (Wiese et al 1998). In a unique field study, concentrated solar radiation at various exposure times controlled kochia at the two-leaf stage (Johnson et al 1989).…”

Section: Response To Other Human Manipulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biology of Canadian weeds. 138. Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad.

Friesen¹,

Beckie²,

Warwick³

et al. 2009

Can. J. Plant Sci.

110

164

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Kochia [Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad.] is an annual broadleaf weed species native to Eurasia and introduced as an ornamental to the Americas by immigrants in the mid- to late 1800s. Although sometimes categorized in the genus Bassia, there is no compelling reason for this classification. This naturalized species is a common and economically important weed in crop production systems and ruderal areas in semiarid to arid regions of North America, and has expanded northward in the Canadian Prairies during the past 30 yr. Although primarily self-pollinated, substantial pollen-mediated gene flow and efficient seed dispersal aids both short- and long-distance spread. The weed is morphologically highly variable, and its growth and development are markedly affected by environmental conditions. Kochia, a C4 species, is highly competitive in cropping systems because of its ability to germinate at low soil temperatures and emerge early, grow rapidly, tolerate heat, drought and salinity, and exert allelopathic effects on neighboring species. Moreover, herbicidal control has been compromised to some extent by the widespread evolution of herbicide resistance in the species. Kochia is used as a forage, is palatable to livestock with nutritional value similar to that of alfalfa (Medicago sativa), but can be toxic if it comprises the majority of the diet. Although kochia pollen is an allergen, the seed is a source of phytochemicals including mosquito pheromones and saponins that are potentially beneficial to human health; kochia also is beneficial in phytoremediation of soils contaminated by hydrocarbons or pesticides. Key words: Kochia, Kochia scoparia, Bassia scoparia, herbicide resistance, soil salinity tolerance, weed biology

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“…Control was reduced on a moist compared to a dry soil surface. Concentrated solar radiation holds the greatest potential to control the small dicot weeds on a dry soil surface (Johnson et al, 1989). Johnson et al (1990) have reported that the lens produced a line focus 1 by 150 cm with a mean temperature of 309 ºC.…”

Section: New and Nontraditional Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concentrated solar radiation holds the greatest potential to control the small dicot weeds on a dry soil surface (Johnson et al, 1989). Johnson et al (1990) have reported that the lens produced a line focus 1 by 150 cm with a mean temperature of 309 ºC. A 20s exposure to seed on the soil surface was 100% lethal to greenfoxtail, kochia, lambsquarters, purslane, and wild buckwheat.…”

Section: New and Nontraditional Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weed Control in Clean Agriculture: A Review1

2016

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-Weed control is consider the major obstacle for the growers in the organic farming. Lower plant productivity in organic farming mainly related to the poor weed control. It is widely known, in most cases, that losses caused by weeds exceeded the losses from any category of agricultural pests. Under water-stress condition, weeds can reduce crop yields more than 50% through moisture competition alone. In the light of the environmental and toxicological problems created by herbicides, it has become necessary to develop the safety methods for controlling weeds. Soil Solarization, Mulching, Biodegradable Mulch, Natural Herbicides, Hot Water, and Agronomic Practices have been successfully adopted in many countries as safe methods for controlling weeds in the organic farming. In addition, there are some promising new and non-traditional measures such as Fresnel Lens, Electrical Weed Control, Lasers, etc which could be employed for controlling the weeds in organic farming. Also the agronomic practices such as choice of competitive varieties, stale seedbeds had a significant impact on weeds. The growers in organic farming should keep these three points in mind: 1) start clean stay clean successful, 2) Prevention is always better than treatment and, 3) One year's seeds will lead to seven year's weed infestation. Successful and sustainable weed management systems are those that employ combinations of techniques rather than relying on one method. The objectives of this paper are to review some safe weed control methods in the clean agricultural.Keywords: weeds, Safety methods, Mulch, Soil solarization, Natural herbicides, hot water, non-traditional methods. Palavras-chave: sementes, métodos de segurança, cobertura morta, solarização do solo, herbicidas naturais, água quente, métodos não tradicionais. RESUMO -O controle de plantas daninhas é considerado

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Response of Seed of 10 Weed Species to Fresnel-lens-concentrated Solar Radiation

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Emergence Timing and Persistence of Kochia (Kochia Scoparia)

Emergence Timing and Persistence of Kochia (Kochia Scoparia)

The biology of Canadian weeds. 138. Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad.

Weed Control in Clean Agriculture: A Review1

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