Resonance frequency assessment of dental implant stability with various bone qualities: a numerical approach

Abstract

Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) has been used by several investigators to assess the boundary conditions of dental implants. The goal of the current study was to determine the vibrating behavior of a dental implant under various surrounding bone conditions. A 3D finite element (FE) model of a cylinder-type titanium implant was developed. In this model, the implant was embedded into a cubic section of bone. The model was first validated using a series of modal testing experiments. The effects of bony conditions on the resonance frequencies of the implant were computed with different bone types and bone densities. Our results show that the resonance frequency of the implant with type III surrounding bone decreased linearly (r = -0.996, P < 0.01) from 17.9 kHz (without loss in bone density) to 0.6 kHz (90% loss in bone density) when the bone densities were decreased. On the other hand, without bone loss, the highest resonance frequency value (36.1 kHz) was found when the implant was placed into type I surrounding bone. In contrast, the resonance frequency of the implant with type IV bone quality was found to be 9.9 kHz, which is almost four-fold less than that found in the type I model. These results suggest that RFA could serve as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for detecting the stability of dental implants during the healing stages and in subsequent routine follow-up care after treatment.

Predictability of the resonance frequency analysis in the survival of dental implants placed in the anterior non-atrophied edentulous mandible

“…These authors, however, did not observe any significant differences in terms of ISQ values at different post-surgical times. Among three methods for the evaluation of implant stability (RFA, Periotest and insertion torque), only RFA has been correlated to bone-implant contact in experimental studies with animals (6,16). However, in the study over maxilla and mandible of human cadaver this correlation was less pronounced, probably because properties of human mandible and maxilla change rapidly in a short period of time.…”

“…In fact, previous studies have correlated RFA with height of the alveolar cortical bone. Also, recent bibliography in relation to implant failure evaluate peri-implantitis as the loss of vertical bone around an implant more than 4 mm during the first year, and 1.5 mm each following year (16)(17)(18). Design of prospective studies that acutely evaluate these parameters may provide important information about the ability to predict implant survival in relation to primary and secondary stability, influenced by bone density, height of alveolar cortical bone and bone-implant contact surface.…”

Methods of Evaluating The Dental Implant Stability

“…Bu teknik genellikle hayvan deneylerinde kullanılmaktadır. 22,23,24 Yerleştirme Torku İmplantlar hazırlanmış olan implant kavitesi içine yerleştirilirken yuvadaki yivin açılması için gereken en düşük tork kuvveti belirlenerek kaydedilmektedir ve elde edilen değer primer implant stabilitesi miktarı hakkında bilgi vermektedir, stabilite arttıkça tork değeri de yükselmektedir. 25 …”

The Effect of Osteotome Technique on Primary Implant Stability according to Bone Quality

“…Round drill 10 Huang 등은 골밀도가 감소하면 공진주파수 측정치 도 유효하게 감소한다고 하였고, 44 Nedir 등은 공진 주파수측정치로임플란트의안정성을평가하는것은 신뢰할만하나불안정한임플란트를구별하기는힘들 다고하였다. 45 RFA 측정시변환기의방향은우늑골장축방향에 수직으로 위치시켰는데, 이는 수평방향에 비해 수직 46 osteotome 술식에 의해 골밀도가 증가되고 일차 안정성이 개선되는 것은 통계학적으로 확인할 수 없 었으며, 이는 Buchter 등이 보고한 바와 같이 osteotome 술식 때 임플란트 주변골에서 미세파절이 발생하여임플란트의안정성을감소시켰기때문이아 닌가추측된다.…”