Resistin and leptin in breast milk and infants in early life

Savino, Francesco; Sorrenti, Miriam; Benetti, Stefania; Lupica, Maria Maddalena; Liguori, Stefania Alfonsina; Oggero, R

doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2012.05.004

Cited by 40 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The complex system of breastfeeding-mediated appetite regulation is attributable to various factors associated with the practice of breastfeeding, such as feeding on demand, but also potentially to a host of appetite regulatory molecules present in HM [4]. These include whey and casein proteins, HM oligosaccharides, and recently discovered in HM appetite regulatory hormones, including the well-documented adipokine leptin, adiponectin, and many others [10,11,12,13,14]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptin Levels Are Higher in Whole Compared to Skim Human Milk, Supporting a Cellular Contribution

et al. 2016

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Human milk (HM) contains a plethora of metabolic hormones, including leptin, which is thought to participate in the regulation of the appetite of the developing infant. Leptin in HM is derived from a combination of de novo mammary synthesis and transfer from the maternal serum. Moreover, leptin is partially lipophilic and is also present in HM cells. However, leptin has predominately been measured in skim HM, which contains neither fat nor cells. We optimised an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for leptin measurement in both whole and skim HM and compared leptin levels between both HM preparations collected from 61 lactating mothers. Whole HM leptin ranged from 0.2 to 1.47 ng/mL, whilst skim HM leptin ranged from 0.19 to 0.9 ng/mL. Whole HM contained, on average, 0.24 ± 0.01 ng/mL more leptin than skim HM (p < 0.0001, n = 287). No association was found between whole HM leptin and fat content (p = 0.17, n = 287), supporting a cellular contribution to HM leptin. No difference was found between pre- and post-feed samples (whole HM: p = 0.29, skim HM: p = 0.89). These findings highlight the importance of optimising HM leptin measurement and assaying it in whole HM to accurately examine the amount of leptin received by the infant during breastfeeding.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptin Levels Are Higher in Whole Compared to Skim Human Milk, Supporting a Cellular Contribution

et al. 2016

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“…Concentrations of leptin, a potential mediator of PTHrP in HBM, have been positively correlated with maternal BMI and adiposity 6,35,36 and negatively correlated with childhood BMI in offspring of lean mothers. 37 One study has also reported that the change in leptin concentration underlies infant BMI; however, the association was reported in infant leptin concentration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The strongest evidence for a role of bioactive components in HBM and adipogenesis is for maternal glucose regulation and leptin. 4,6 Further, cytokines (for example, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa)) have been associated with increased adiposity in infants, 7-9 children 10,11 and adults. 12 Given the purported antagonistic pathways linking adipogenesis and osteogenesis, [13][14][15] in the context of the rapid increases in linear growth and fat mass gain during the first 6 months of life, we hypothesize that bioactive factors (glucose, insulin, leptin, IL-6 and TNFa) in HBM may be have a role in bone health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between bioactive components in breast milk and bone mass in infants

2014

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Human breast milk (HBM) contains numerous bioactive components, recently shown to be associated with growth and body composition in breastfed offspring. Reciprocity in adipogenic and osteogenic pathways suggests bone mass may also be influenced by these components. The association between bioactive components found in HBM and bone mineral content (BMC), to our knowledge, is unknown. The purpose of this proof-of-principle study was to evaluate the association between specific bioactive components in HBM in exclusively breastfed infants and skeletal health in the first 6 months of life and examine potential gender differences in these associations. Thirty-five mother-infant dyads were followed from 1 to 6 months. The contents of a single breast expression were used for analyses of bioactive components (insulin, glucose, leptin, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNFa), whereas BMC was evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. In the total sample, there was a positive association between TNFa and BMC at 1 (P ¼ 0.004) and 6 months (P ¼ 0.007). When stratified by sex, females exhibited a positive association between BMC and glucose and an inverse relationship between BMC and TNF-a at 1 month with TNF-a strengthening (P ¼ 0.006) at 6 months. In males, at 6 months a positive relationship between BMC and HBM glucose and an inverse relationship with HBM leptin were observed with no associations observed at 1 month. Although preliminary, the associations between bioactive components in HBM highlight the importance HBM has on bone accretion. It is critically important to identify factors in HBM that contribute to optimal bone health.

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“…Human milk contains various hormones and growth factors involved in energy metabolism. Recent studies observe that the different hormonal values together with different protein intake could account for growth differences between breast fed and formula fed infants during the period of infancy and in later life [34][35][36][37][38][39]. Brest fed infants have higher serum leptin levels that correlate positively with maternal BMI [40].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Preterm and Term Newborns Serum Adiponectin and Leptin Concentrations and their Correlations with Anthropometric Parameters

et al. 2012

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Resistin and leptin in breast milk and infants in early life

Cited by 40 publications

References 28 publications

Leptin Levels Are Higher in Whole Compared to Skim Human Milk, Supporting a Cellular Contribution

Leptin Levels Are Higher in Whole Compared to Skim Human Milk, Supporting a Cellular Contribution

The relationship between bioactive components in breast milk and bone mass in infants

Comparing Preterm and Term Newborns Serum Adiponectin and Leptin Concentrations and their Correlations with Anthropometric Parameters

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