Residential Greenspace and Urban Adolescent Substance Use: Exploring Interactive Effects with Peer Network Health, Sex, and Executive Function

Mennis, Jeremy; Li, Xiaojiang; Meenar, Mahbubur; Coatsworth, J. Douglas; McKeon, Thomas P.; Mason, Michael

doi:10.3390/ijerph18041611

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(102 reference statements)

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“…There are many other examples emerging for the harm reduction domain pathway that have potential synergies with other pathways. For example, it is plausible that restorative processes at personal, relational and collective scales combine with lower levels of neighbourhood violence and increased social connection to facilitate reductions in pain, [166][167][168] cigarette smoking, 169 opioid dependence, 170 substance misuse in adolescents, 171 and risks of self-harm and suicidal ideation. [172][173][174][175] Each of these emerging harm reduction pathways warrant further investigation, potentially with moderated mediation models and other methods that may be suitable to distinguish between pathways operating in serial or parallel.…”

Section: Domain 1: Building Capacitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green space and loneliness: a systematic review with theoretical and methodological guidance for future research

Astell-Burt

Hartig

Putra³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Urban greening may help to reduce the population health impacts of loneliness and its concomitants, such as hopelessness and despair. However, the literature lacks both a critical appraisal of extant evidence and a conceptual model to explain how green space would work as a structural intervention. Both are needed to guide decision making and further research. We conducted a systematic review of quantitative studies testing associations between green space and loneliness, searching seven databases. Twenty two studies were identified by 25/01/2022. Most of the studies were conducted in high-income countries and fifteen (68%) had cross-sectional designs. Green space was measured inconsistently using either objective or subjective indicators. Few studies examined specific green space types or qualities. The majority of studies measured general loneliness (e.g. using the UCLA loneliness scale). Different types of loneliness (social, emotional, existential) were not analysed. Of 132 associations, 88 (66.6%) indicated potential protection from green space against loneliness, with 44 (33.3%) reaching statistical significance (p<0.05). We integrated these findings with evidence from qualitative studies to elaborate and extend the existing pathway domain model linking green space and health. These elaborations and extensions acknowledge the following: (a) different types of green space have implications for different types of loneliness; (b) multilevel circumstances influence the likelihood a person will benefit or suffer harm from green space; (c) personal, relational, and collective processes operate within different domains of pathways linking green space with loneliness and its concomitants; (d) loneliness and its concomitants are explicitly positioned as mediators within the broader causal system that links green space with health and wellbeing. This review and model provide guidance for decision making and further epidemiological research on green space and loneliness.

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Section: Domain 1: Building Capacitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green space and loneliness: a systematic review with theoretical and methodological guidance for future research

Astell-Burt

Hartig

Putra³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…First, we conducted interrupted time series analysis, which uses autocorrelational analysis to address seasonality. Next, we examined the spatial changes over time in OODs through spatial modeling in geographic information systems (GIS), as it offers a powerful analytical approach to the study of the opioid crisis [14][15][16]. Our georeferenced OOD data, used in combination with Census data in GIS, enabled us to examine the demographic shifts in OODs over time and place.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Opioid Overdose Deaths: a Spatiotemporal Analysis

2022

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The effects of the opioid crisis have varied across diverse and socioeconomically defined urban communities, due in part to widening health disparities. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has coincided with a spike in drug overdose deaths in the USA. However, the extent to which the impact of the pandemic on overdose deaths has varied across different demographics in urban neighborhoods is unclear. We examine the influence of COVID-19 pandemic on opioid overdose deaths through spatiotemporal analysis techniques. Using Milwaukee County, Wisconsin as a study site, we used georeferenced opioid overdose data to examine the locational and demographic differences in overdose deaths over time (2017–2020). We find that the pandemic significantly increased the monthly overdose deaths. The worst effects were seen in the poor, urban neighborhoods, affecting Black and Hispanic communities. However, more affluent, suburban White communities also experienced a rise in overdose deaths. A better understanding of contributing factors is needed to guide interventions at the local, regional, and national scales.

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“…Evidence exists that suggests positive peer relationships can successfully support people with PSU [53,63], including supporting reductions in use [64]. Further, recent research identified that positive peer relationships and reduced substance use is more strongly associated in greener environments [65]. Additional mechanisms which were said to facilitate improved relationships were feelings of acceptance, belonging, and a reduction in perceived stigma.…”

Section: Social Selfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring how greenspace programmes might be effective in supporting people with problem substance use: a realist interview study

et al. 2022

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Background Greenspace programmes are health projects run outside in nature, typically with the aim of improving mental health. Research suggests that programmes may also be effective in supporting people with problem substance use (PSU), but there is limited understanding of the key components that make them successful for this client group. Previous work has claimed that a realist-informed intervention framework for greenspace programmes for mental health could be transferable to programmes that support people with PSU, and that this could provide insight into the causal processes within programmes. However, this claim is yet to be explored in depth. The aim of this study was to further test, refine, and consolidate the proposed framework to show how greenspace programmes could support people with PSU. Methods Using a realist approach, 17 participants (8 programme staff; 9 wider stakeholders) were interviewed about contexts, mechanisms, and outcomes (CMOs) relative to greenspace programmes for mental health and PSU. Semi-structured interviews were used since they facilitated exploration of the proposed framework but were flexible enough to allow identification of new CMOs for framework refinement. Interviews were audio-recorded, fully transcribed, and analysed inductively and deductively against the proposed framework. Results Findings supported the proposed framework and indicated that greenspace programmes support people with poor mental health and PSU due to: feelings of escape; space to reflect; physical activity; self-efficacy; feelings of purpose; relationships; and shared experiences. However, data showed that programmes must also consider: explicit intervention focus to ensure adequate support for clients; existing challenges with funding and stakeholder buy-in; and the impact of COVID-19. Findings allowed development of a refined framework that shows how greenspace programmes can support people with PSU. Conclusion The findings of this project are theoretically novel and have practical relevance for those designing greenspace programmes by providing recommendations on how to optimise, tailor, and implement future interventions. Findings could be particularly relevant for academic researchers, multidisciplinary health professionals, and for those working in the third sector, developing and delivering greenspace programmes for people to improve their mental health and to support them with PSU.

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Residential Greenspace and Urban Adolescent Substance Use: Exploring Interactive Effects with Peer Network Health, Sex, and Executive Function

Cited by 17 publications

References 73 publications

Green space and loneliness: a systematic review with theoretical and methodological guidance for future research

Green space and loneliness: a systematic review with theoretical and methodological guidance for future research

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Opioid Overdose Deaths: a Spatiotemporal Analysis

Exploring how greenspace programmes might be effective in supporting people with problem substance use: a realist interview study

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