This research presents a new "intelligent" dasymetric mapping technique (IDM), which combines an analyst's domain knowledge with a data-driven methodology to specify the functional relationship of the ancillary classes with the underlying statistical surface being mapped. The datadriven component of IDM employs a flexible empirical sampling approach to acquire information on the data densities of individual ancillary classes, and it uses the ratio of class densities to redistribute population to sub-source zone areas. A summary statistics table characterizing the resulting dasymetric map can be used to compare the quality of the output of different IDM parameterizations. A case study of four population variables is used to demonstrate IDM and provide a visual and quantitative error assessment comparing various IDM parameterizations with areal weighting and conventional "binary" dasymetric mapping. Intelligent dasymetric mapping outperforms areal weighting, and certain IDM parameterizations outperform binary dasymetric mapping.

UDk: 711.3:(497.11Beograd) article classification according to COBIss: 1.01 kljUČNE BEsEDE dasimetrično modeliranje, pozidanost tal, podatki iz popisa, višina zgradb, urbanistično načrtovanje dasymetric modelling, soil sealing, census data, building height, urban planning kEy WORDs aBsTRaCT Solving the problem of publicly available census data disaggregation has preoccupied numerous researchers intensively. A noteworthy advance in the methodology was made thanks to the contemporary storage and presentation of spatial and socioeconomic data in the GIS environment. It is also important that a large number of auxiliary databases (satellite images, theme layers pertaining to land use and land cover, etc.) are publicly available and are periodically supplemented at increasingly shorter time intervals. Soil sealing databases are another class of auxiliary databases that pertain to land areas which have, due to anthropogenic influences, become a water-impermeable layer and indicate the level of spatial development and spatial contents that correlate to the population distribution. The soil sealing database can be a useful tool for dasymetric mapping of population when combined with town planning documentation that describes land use and height of residential buildings. The results of such mapping can help monitor the spatio-temporal dynamics of population trends in periods between two censuses. This study presents a methodology in which a soil-sealing database is combined with auxiliary data in a test area covered by the Master Plan of the Belgrade City, with census data from the year 2002 and the results of the year 2011. The results of the model validation indicate application of the proposed methodology in highly urbanised areas. IzVlEČEk Vprašanju razčlenjevanja javno dostopnih podatkov iz popisa so se posvečali že številni raziskovalci. Sodobni načini hranjenja ter predstavitve prostorskih in družbeno-ekonomskih podatkov v okolju GIS so prinesli pomemben napredek v metodologiji. Pri tem je pomembno tudi, da je javno dostopnih veliko pomožnih zbirk podatkov (satelitski posnetki, tematske plasti, ki se nanašajo na rabo zemljišč in pokrovnost tal, itd.), ki se vse hitreje dopolnjujejo. Zbirke podatkov o pozidanosti tal so eden od razredov pomožnih zbirk podatkov o zemljiščih, ki so zaradi antropogenih vplivov postala vodotesna, ter pričajo o stopnji prostorskega razvoja in prostorskih vsebinah, ki se povezujejo z razporeditvijo prebivalstva. Zbirka podatkov o pozidanosti tal je lahko v kombinaciji z dokumentacijo o načrtovanju mesta koristno orodje za dasimetrično kartiranje prebivalstva, ki opisuje rabo tal in višino stanovanjskih zgradb. Rezultati takšnega kartiranja so uporabni pri spremljanju prostorsko-časovne dinamike prebivalstva med dvema popisoma. V študiji je predstavljena metodologija, pri kateri je zbirka podatkov o pozidanosti tal kombinirana s pomožnimi podatki na testnem območju iz glavnega načrta Mesta Beograd, s podatki iz popisa iz leta 2002 in rezultati iz leta 2011. Preverjanje veljavnosti modela ...

Conventional multivariate regression can hide important local variations in the relationships among independent and dependent variables in models of environmental equity. Geographically weighted regression (GWR), in combination with choropleth mapping, can reveal this spatial nonstationarity and shed light on its form. We use GWR, in combination with conventional univariate and multivariate statistics, to model the density of air toxic releases in New Jersey, as listed in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Toxic Release Inventory (TRI). The GWR analysis shows that the relationships among race, class, employment, urban concentration, and land use with air toxic release density in New Jersey vary significantly over space. Generally, there is a positively significant relationship of minorities with air toxic releases over a large swath of urban and suburban New Jersey, although this pattern is not evident for all urban areas. Northeast New Jersey, the most densely populated part of the state, contains areas of both significantly positive and negative relationships between concentrations of minorities and air toxic releases. The association of minorities with concentrations of air toxic releases, where observed, is often mediated by other factors, though the role of these mediating factors also varies from place to place. In some of these areas the minority–air‐toxic‐release association is mediated by high poverty rates, in other areas, by the presence of industrial, commercial, and transportation land uses.

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