Research Status of Pathogenesis of Pneumoconiosis and Dust Control Technology in Mine—A Review

Abstract

Pneumoconiosis has become one of the biggest threats to the occupational health and life safety of mining workers in China. The number of pneumoconiosis cases has continued to rise in recent years. The main task of occupational health development is to study the pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis and to develop mine dust prevention and control technology. Therefore, this paper summarizes the research progress of coal worker pneumoconiosis and dust prevention and control in mines. Firstly, the research progress of coal worker pneumoconiosis is analyzed from the aspects of pathogenesis, animal model and pathological changes of coal worker pneumoconiosis. Then, the existing basic theory and technology of dust prevention are described, including ventilation and dust removal, spray and dust suppression, and chemical dust suppression methods. Finally, based on the dust removal theory of wet shotcrete, the progress of shotcrete dust control technology and equipment used for shotcrete is summarized from the aspects of shotcrete technology process and shotcrete materials. At the same time, in view of the shortcomings of the existing research, the next research prospect is given in the pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis, intelligent dust prevention, jet spraying dust removal and so on. This paper provides theoretical support for realizing the separate source and efficient treatment of mine dust control and helps to improve the clean production level of mine, control and prevent pneumoconiosis.

Effectiveness and mechanism of microbial dust suppressant on coal dust with different metamorphosis degree

“…Nonetheless, owing to the open-air mining environment, such operations precipitate substantial dust pollution (Luo et al, 2016). To address this issue, open-pit mines conventionally resort to dust suppression techniques such as water spraying, foam dust removal, and the application of chemical dust suppressants (Liu et al, 2021;Anlimah et al, 2023). While these dust control technologies deliver moderate amelioration, they are accompanied by the following drawbacks: water spraying not only squanders signi cant quantities of freshwater resources but also has its dust suppression e cacy contingent on meteorological conditions; foam dust removal introduces new chemical pollutants, engendering secondary contamination ; and chemical dust suppressants, with their inherent toxicity, irritancy, and corrosivity, coupled with poor degradability, fall short of meeting the standards for green mining practices (Wang et al, 2021).…”

Research on a quality detection system of dust suppression spraying for railway coal transportation using laser backscattering technology

“…The dust inhibitor powder is mixed with water to form a certainly concentrated solution, which is sprayed on the coal surface transported by the gondola car through multiple nozzles. When the solution combines with the surface powdered coal, powdered coal's particles will be adhered mutually and solidified after 2-3 h to form a solidified layer more than 10 mm thich, which is equivalent to a protective film, effectively preventing the blowing and spilling of powdered coal [6,7]. The unqualified spraying quality of dust suppression will cause powdered coal to be spilled, which will not only cause economic losses, but also bring potential safety hazards.…”