Research of the Relationship of Pedestrian Injury to Collision Speed, Car-type, Impact Location and Pedestrian Sizes using Human FE model (THUMS Version 4)

Watanabe, Ryosuke; Katsuhara, Tadasuke; Miyazaki, Hiroshi; Kitagawa, Yuichi; Yasuki, Tsuyoshi

doi:10.4271/2012-22-0007

Cited by 48 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…An increase in vehicle velocity resulted in an increased WAD as well as an increased head impact velocity for both models, which is in line with other studies based on simulations (Mottola et al 2013;Watanabe et al 2012) and accident investigations (Rosén et al 2011). Less head rotation was seen for an increased vehicle velocity for the THUMS model as Mottola et al (2013) also concluded.…”

Section: Influence Of Different Pre-crash Parameterssupporting

confidence: 84%

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Comparison of multibody and finite element human body models in pedestrian accidents with the focus on head kinematics

Fahlstedt

Halldin

Kleiven

2016

Traffic Injury Prevention

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Section: Influence Of Different Pre-crash Parameterssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…However, vehicle geometries and pedestrian size have proven to be important for the kinematics of the pedestrian (Han et al 2012;Mottola et al 2013;Watanabe et al 2012); and therefore, the comparison between the adult models should also be performed for other vehicle geometries. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of multibody and finite element human body models in pedestrian accidents with the focus on head kinematics

Fahlstedt

Halldin

Kleiven

2016

Traffic Injury Prevention

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“…Age has been found to be a significant determinant of pedestrian injury severity with older adults at greater risk due to higher perception and reaction times, greater physical frailty, and smaller body size (Watanabe et al, 2012;Eluru et al, 2008). Studies in developed countries find that the risk of dying after being hit by a motor vehicle increases with age (Miles-Doan, 1996;Kim et al, 2008Kim et al, , 2010.…”

Section: Pedestrian Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Severity of road crashes involving pedestrians in Metro Manila, Philippines

Verzosa

Miles

2016

Accident Analysis & Prevention

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“…Mordaka [11] evaluated the influence of head rotational kinematics on head injury and injury criteria using the FE head and windshield models. Watanabe [12] investigated the influence of vehicle body type, pedestrian body size and impact location as well as the collision speed on pedestrian injury, using three different vehicle FE models and three different pedestrian FE models (THUMS, version 4.0). By using THUMS (version 1.4), Alvarez [13] investigated the influence of neck muscle activation in a simulation of a pedestrian accident, and addressed the effect of muscle activation on strain in the brain, when initiated at the time of head contact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of Pedestrian Head Injuries—Collision Parameter Relationships through a Combination of Retrospective Analysis and Finite Element Method

Liu

Qiu

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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There are a very limited number of reports concerning the relationship between pedestrian head injuries and collision parameters through a combination of statistical analysis methods and finite element method (FEM). This study aims to explore the characteristics of pedestrian head injuries in car–pedestrian collisions at different parameters by using the two means above. A retrospective analysis of pedestrian head injuries was performed based on detailed investigation data of 61 car–pedestrian collision cases. The head damage assessment parameters (head injury criterion (HIC), peak stress on the skull, maximal principal strain for the brain) in car–pedestrian simulation experiments with four contact angles and three impact velocities were obtained by FEM. The characteristics of the pedestrian head injuries were discussed by comparing and analyzing the statistical analysis results and finite element analysis results. The statistical analysis results demonstrated a significant difference in skull fractures, contusion and laceration of brain and head injuries on the abbreviated injury scale (AIS)3+ was found at different velocities (p < 0.05) and angles (p < 0.05). The simulation results showed that, in pedestrian head-to-hood impacts, the values of head damage assessment parameters increased with impact velocities. At the same velocity, these values from the impact on the pedestrian’s back were successively greater than on the front or the side. Furthermore, head injury reconstruction and prediction results of two selected cases were consistent with the real injuries. Overall, it was further spelled out that, for shorter stature pedestrians, increased head impact velocity results in greater head injury severity in car–pedestrian collision, especially in pedestrian head-to-hood impacts. Under a back impact, the head has also been found to be at greater damage risk for shorter stature pedestrians, which may have implications on automotive design and pedestrian protection research if prevention and treatment of these injuries is to be prioritized over head injuries under a front or side impact.

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Research of the Relationship of Pedestrian Injury to Collision Speed, Car-type, Impact Location and Pedestrian Sizes using Human FE model (THUMS Version 4)

Cited by 48 publications

References 28 publications

Comparison of multibody and finite element human body models in pedestrian accidents with the focus on head kinematics

Comparison of multibody and finite element human body models in pedestrian accidents with the focus on head kinematics

Severity of road crashes involving pedestrians in Metro Manila, Philippines

Exploration of Pedestrian Head Injuries—Collision Parameter Relationships through a Combination of Retrospective Analysis and Finite Element Method

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