Research Article Genotypic gain with simultaneous selection of production, nutrition, and culinary traits in cowpea crosses and backcrosses using mixed models.

Abstract

ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to estimate the genotypic gain with simultaneous selection of production, nutrition, and culinary traits in cowpea crosses and backcrosses and to compare different selection indexes. Eleven cowpea populations were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Fourteen traits were evaluated, and the following parameters were estimated: genotypic variation coefficient, genotypic determination coefficient, experimental quality indicator and selection reliability, estimated genotypic values -BLUE, genotypic correlation coefficient among traits, and genotypic gain with simultaneous selection of all traits. The genotypic gain was estimated based on tree selection indexes: classical, multiplicative, and the sum of ranks. The genotypic variation coefficient was higher than 2 D.G. Oliveira et al. Genetics and Molecular Research 16 (3): gmr16039736the environmental variation coefficient for the number of days to start flowering, plant type, the weight of one hundred grains, grain index, and protein concentration. The majority of the traits presented genotypic determination coefficient from medium to high magnitude. The identification of increases in the production components is associated with decreases in protein concentration, and the increase in precocity leads to decreases in protein concentration and cooking time. The index based on the sum of ranks was the best alternative for simultaneous selection of traits in the cowpea segregating populations resulting from the crosses and backcrosses evaluated, with emphasis on the F 4 BC 12 , F 4 C 21 , and F 4 C 12 populations, which had the highest genotypic gains.

Development of Selection Indices for Improvement of Seed Yield and Lipid Composition in Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.)

“…However, for oleic acid, the variance due to environment and genotype were similar (40% and 35%, respectively). Similar constraints have been reported for studies in soybean [ 57 , 58 , 59 ] and cowpea [ 60 , 61 , 62 ]. To date, there have been few, if any, detailed genetic studies to determine genetic, non-genetic, or GxE interactions for any trait in bambara groundnut.…”

“…In common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris ), SIs have been used to identify superior genotypes for yield, grain size, disease resistance, and cooking time [ 78 , 79 ] and to predict increases in genetic gain for selected traits in multigenerational families [ 80 ]. Within the Vigna genus, SIs have been applied to cowpea breeding in Brazil [ 62 ], to identify superior genotypes that fulfilled a set of agronomic (days to flowering, days to maturity, pod length, pod number, 100 seed weight, and grain yield), nutritional (protein, iron, and zinc), and culinary traits (cooking time). Five SIs were developed, and fifteen scenarios were tested with varied combinations of traits and trait weighting ( Table 4 ).…”

Selection index for recommendation of cowpea cultivars for green bean production

“…The correlation analyses showed that cultivars with earlier maturation tend to present lower plant heights, since the correlation of NDF was positive to NDM, and negative to PH (Table 3). Oliveira et al (2017), evaluated the genotypic gain in simultaneous selection for cowpea production and other characters and found high and positive correlation estimates between number of days for beginning of flowering and number of days for maturation. Andrade et al (2010), reported that the selection of cowpea genotypes for green bean production is easier when it is possible to indirectly select genotypes through characters measured ** = significant at p<0.01, * = significant at p<0.05, and the other pares were not significant by the F test earlier.…”

“…Selection strategies based on these indexes are advantageous because they have lower costs and are faster than other methods. Moreover, it is a good strategy to be used by cowpea breeding programs with limited human and financial resources (OLIVEIRA et al, 2017).…”

Establishment of an early selection method (criteria) for breeding in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)

“…The response of individual traits in the final product largely depends on how each trait has been weighted and selected in the reference population. Several studies suggest that selection based on multi trait index is more convenient in predicting the best genotypes than relying on direct selection (Oliveira et al, 2017;Rodrigues et al, 2017). This was observed in some populations, when visual selection was used for traits such as average yield, they ranked almost the last but when multiple trait selection was used they ranked among the top most populations.…”