Research Article Genetic diversity as an additional selection criterion in a carioca common bean recurrent selection program for resistance to common bacterial blight

Abstract

Common beans are a key source of protein and are consumed daily by most of the Brazilian population. More than 70% of what is consumed in this country is classified as carioca beans, based on seed qualities and appearance. We evaluated progenies of carioca common beans of the Brazilian agriculture research agency (Embrapa) recurrent selection program. This recurrent selection program is based on resistance to common bean bacterial blight (CBB), seed yield, and other important agronomic traits. Selection also considers the genetic representativeness of the parents and the genetic diversity among phenotypically selected progenies. Initially, 60 superior progenies were selected based on resistance to CBB and on seed type, in two locations (Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO and Ponta Grossa, PR). These progenies were evaluated in the C 0 S 0:2 generation in field trials in six locations during the rainy growing season. A randomized block experimental design was used with two replications, in plots of two 3-m rows spaced at 0.5 m. The most promising C 0 S 0:3 progenies for combined agronomic performance in the different environments were selected and were then evaluated by means of 24 microsatellite molecular markers for the purpose of determining the ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 18 (4): gmr18368 L.C. Melo et al. 2 genetic representativeness of their parents and the genetic diversity among them. The phenotypic data was subjected to analysis of variance for each trait in each of the environments, and then joint analyses were performed. To estimate genetic diversity among the progenies, the Rogers-W genetic distance was used, and a dissimilarity matrix was used to construct a dendrogram of genetic distances through the UPGMA method. Among the 60 C 0 S 0:2 progenies that were evaluated, those that stood out for resistance to CBB also stood out for seed yield and for resistance to other diseases. Various progenies were superior, exhibiting large genetic distances between each other and in relation to the parents. This indicates a possibility of direct and indirect gains from the recurrent selection program. This molecular information will help direct selection of individuals for future recombination cycles.

Genetic and phenotypic parameters associated with soybean progenies in a recurrent selection program

“…With the aim of maximizing resources, as well as efficient use of the time necessary for identification of superior genotypes for recombination, recurrent selection is a useful strategy. Although this strategy has been promoted for breeding of allogamous plants, its use is reported in the literature in autogamous IO Soares et al plants like common bean (Pereira et al 2017a, Anjos et al 2018, Melo et al 2019) and soybean (Posadas et al 2014, Vello and Nazato 2017, Nie et al 2019. The use of this technique for the purpose of increasing grain yield in Brazil has not been reported in the literature.…”