Research Article Genetic diversity among 16 genotypes of Coffea arabica in the Brazilian cerrado.

Abstract

ABSTRACT. For the selection of coffee plants that have favorable characteristics, it is necessary to evaluate variables related to production. Knowledge of the genetic divergence of arabica coffee is of extreme importance, as this knowledge can be associated with plant breeding programs in order to combine genetic divergence with good productive performance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic divergence among 16 genotypes of Coffea arabica with the purpose of identifying the most dissimilar genotypes for the establishment of breeding programs and adaptation to the Brazilian cerrado. The genetic divergence was evaluated using multivariate procedures, the analysis of the average grouping unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) and main components in 2013 and 2014. Eight characters were evaluated in an experiment conducted in Morrinhos, Goiás. The presence of genetic divergence among the 16 C. arabica genotypes under cerrado conditions was recorded. The formation of UPGMA groups for the evaluated characteristics was pertinent due to the number of genotypes. The first three major components accounted for 81.77% of the total variance. The genotype H-419-3-4-4-13(C-241) of low size was the most divergent, followed by Catucaí 2 SL and Catiguá MG2, according to the main components.

Analysis of Genome Size of Sixteen Coffea arabica Cultivars Using Flow Cytometry

“…In the present work, 16 C. arabica cultivars were selected for analysis, according to their global commodity value in different countries. C. arabica lineages analyzed in this study were classified into two groups that agree with previously reported phylogenies obtained through other methods (Anthony et al, 2002;Machado et al, 2017;Steiger et al, 2002). The first group corresponds to the 'Bourbon' and 'Typica' genetic family; the most important cultivars of this group are 'Pluma Hidalgo' and 'Maragogype', which are natural mutations of 'Typica'.…”

“…In conclusion, FCM was used for the estimation of genome size and GC% content in 16 C. arabica cultivars, which allowed the identification of different groups that agree with the previously grouping described, obtained through phylogenetic and amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis (Anthony et al, 2002;Giles et al, 2019;Machado et al, 2017;Steiger et al, 2002). This information could be helpful for C. arabica breeding programs, given the paucity of genome size studies with FCM in different important C. arabica cultivars (such as the group corresponding to the 'Bourbon' and 'Typica' genetic family hybrids and artificial crosses).…”

“…Indeed, Coffea cultivars mitigate heat stress in greater CO 2 concentrations (Martins et al, , 2017Rodrigues et al, 2016). The genetic divergence in Coffea is extensively described and quantitative trait loci associated with phenotypes were identified using multivariate procedures (Giles et al, 2018;Machado et al, 2017). Knowledge of base composition in woody plants may provide additional insight into the relationship between GC% and climatic adaptability (Contreras and Shearer 2018).…”

GENETIC VARIABILITY ON NUTRIENT CONTENTS IN Coffea canephora GENOTYPES CULTIVATED AT 850 METERS OF ALTITUDE IN TWO CROP SEASONS

“…These nine clusters are considered divergent among each other regarding the foliar nutrient contents from the C. canephora genotypes cultivated at an altitude of 850 meters, where high diversity was identified in terms of foliar nutrient contents. The study of genetic diversity using multivariate techniques is important for planning and defining work strategies in breeding programs (Guedes et al, 2013;Machado et al, 2017). In fact, the use of plant material with genetic variability is determinant for successive breeding programs, providing greater gains in selection (Cruz et al, 2004).…”

Resistance of insecticide-treated coffee berries of different varieties to the penetration of Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)

“…The berries' anatomical variations, such as the diameter of the crown, may influence the penetration behavior of H. hampei (MACHADO et al, 2017). Chemical characteristics are also important determinants of insect behavior (BRUCE; PICKETT, 2011), especially that of the females, which can sense the different volatile compounds released by attacked and intact fruit and differentiate among them (JARAMILLO et al, 2013;BRASSIOLI-MORAES et al, 2019).…”