Research Approaches for Determining Cold Requirements for Forcing and Flowering of Geophytes

Dole, John M.

doi:10.21273/hortsci.38.3.341

Cited by 39 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Cold also subdued other differences arising from history in the field – potential biotic or abiotic stresses that might affect growth rate – so that all bulbs of the same size group sprouted and developed similarly. This growth uniformity following cold treatment is known and used in agriculture (Dole ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2) Cold is required to break dormancy; however, if no dormancy develops, the plant will be able to complete its life cycle without exposure to low temperatures. (3) The cold inhibits or delays the plant's growth and development (Dole ). In the third group, low temperatures may inhibit the growth of the aboveground parts of the plant and even lead to their death, while underground tissues remain unaffected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2) Cold is required to break dormancy; however, if no dormancy develops, the plant will be able to complete its life cycle without exposure to low temperatures. (3) The cold inhibits or delays the plant's growth and development (Dole 2003). In the third group, low temperatures may inhibit the growth of the Abbreviations -3PGA, glycerate-3-phospate; CL, cardiolipin; GC-MS, gas-chromatography-mass-spectrometry; LD, long day; PCA, principal component analysis; SD, short day; TAG, Triacylglycerol; VB, visible bud.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The metabolic (under)groundwork of the lily bulb toward sprouting

Lazare

Burgos

Brotman

et al. 2018

Physiologia Plantarum

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Large bulbs of Lilium longiflorum have an obligatory cold requirement to flower. Bulb cooling is widely used to induce and accelerate flowering. However, in-depth investigations of the effect of bulb cooling on major landmarks of plant development are lacking. It has been demonstrated that low temperature induces carbohydrate degradation, yet integrative studies on metabolic changes occurring in the bulb are not available. We detected that cold exposure mainly hastened bulb sprouting, rather than floral transition or blooming. Metabolite profiling of cooled and non-cooled bulbs was carried out, revealing cold-induced accumulation of soluble sugars, lipids and specific amino acids, and a significant reduction in tricarboxylic acid (TCA)-cycle elements. We observed that metabolic pathways located in the cytosol - including glycolysis, lipid synthesis and part of the gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt - were enhanced by cold exposure, while mitochondrial metabolism - namely the TCA cycle - was reduced by cold. We suggest a physiological model accounting for this metabolic discrepancy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2) Cold is required to break dormancy; however, if no dormancy develops, the plant will be able to complete its life cycle without exposure to low temperatures. (3) The cold inhibits or delays the plant's growth and development (Dole 2003). In the third group, low temperatures may inhibit the growth of the Abbreviations -3PGA, glycerate-3-phospate; CL, cardiolipin; GC-MS, gas-chromatography-mass-spectrometry; LD, long day; PCA, principal component analysis; SD, short day; TAG, Triacylglycerol; VB, visible bud.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The metabolic (under)groundwork of the lily bulb toward sprouting

Lazare

Burgos

Brotman

et al. 2018

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…For perennials, the optimum chilling temperature is generally around 2-10 in the temperate zone (Erez and Lavee, 1971). Freezing also induced dormancy release of storage organs such as bulbs, tuberous root, and root crown in herbaceous perennials (Dole, 2003). The duration and intensity of the chilling requirement varies depending on species, genotype, type of bud, developmental stage, chilling temperature and duration, and depth of dormancy (Cesaraccio et al, 2004).…”

Section: Research Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chilling requirement for dormancy release of variegated Solomon’s seal

Yun

Rhie

Jung

et al. 2011

Hortic. Environ. Biotechnol.

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Dormancy release of variegated Solomon's seal (Polygonatum odoratum Druce var. pluriflorum Ohwi for. variegatum Y.N.Lee) was studied by varying the transferring date from the field to greenhouse and by cold storage in order to identify their precise chilling requirement. Bud emergence and flowering did not occur throughout the experiment when dormant rhizomes were transferred until a calendar date November 22, 2009, in which natural cumulative chill unit (NCU) was 75 h. Days to sprouting, flowering, and flower abscission were shortened with delayed transferring dates. Percent sprouting and flowering showed an increasing tendency since rhizomes were transferred on December 7 (= 241 h NCU), but emergence date was not uniform. However, uniform percent sprouting was maintained since rhizomes were transferred on December 22 (= 492 h NCU). No or 1 week of cold storage at 0 or 5 did not induce sprouting, which meant bud dormancy was not released when rhizomes were stored 1 week. When they were stored for more 2 weeks at 0 or 5 , percent sprouting was increased to 91% in the heated greenhouse. Cumulative chill unit (CCU) was 336 h at 0 and 225 h at 5 . However, bud emergence date after 2 weeks of cold storage was not uniform at both storage temperatures, whereas bud emergence after 4 weeks of cold storage at 0 was more uniform than that at 5 . Therefore, at least 492 h NCU, 4 weeks of cold storage at 0 (= 672 h CCU), or 6 weeks at 5 (= 675 h CCU) is recommended for forcing and normal growth afterward of variegated Solomon's seal.Additional key words: chill unit, dormancy breaking, emergence uniformity, forcing date, low temperature, Polygonatum odoratum Druce var. pluriflorum Ohwi for. variegatum Y.N.Lee Hort. Environ. Biotechnol. 52(6):553-558. 2011.

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“…After herbaceous perennial species enter dormancy during the winter period, dormancy breaking and sprouting correspond closely to seasonal variations in temperature regimes (Alburquerqur et al, 2008;Cambell and Sugano, 1975;Shoichi, 2005). Flower bud dormancy release is controlled by a period of low temperatures (Arora et al, 2003;Dennis, 2003;Dole, 2003;Faust et al, 1997). Chilling treatment has been used for breaking dormancy or controlling sprouting of perennial herbaceous plants, such as Paeonia lactiflora (Fulton et al, 2001;Rhie et al, 2012), Adonis amurensis (Jung and Kim, 2009), and Polygonatum odoratum (Yun et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%