Chilling requirement for dormancy release of variegated Solomon’s seal

Abstract

Dormancy release of variegated Solomon's seal (Polygonatum odoratum Druce var. pluriflorum Ohwi for. variegatum Y.N.Lee) was studied by varying the transferring date from the field to greenhouse and by cold storage in order to identify their precise chilling requirement. Bud emergence and flowering did not occur throughout the experiment when dormant rhizomes were transferred until a calendar date November 22, 2009, in which natural cumulative chill unit (NCU) was 75 h. Days to sprouting, flowering, and flower abscission were shortened with delayed transferring dates. Percent sprouting and flowering showed an increasing tendency since rhizomes were transferred on December 7 (= 241 h NCU), but emergence date was not uniform. However, uniform percent sprouting was maintained since rhizomes were transferred on December 22 (= 492 h NCU). No or 1 week of cold storage at 0 or 5 did not induce sprouting, which meant bud dormancy was not released when rhizomes were stored 1 week. When they were stored for more 2 weeks at 0 or 5 , percent sprouting was increased to 91% in the heated greenhouse. Cumulative chill unit (CCU) was 336 h at 0 and 225 h at 5 . However, bud emergence date after 2 weeks of cold storage was not uniform at both storage temperatures, whereas bud emergence after 4 weeks of cold storage at 0 was more uniform than that at 5 . Therefore, at least 492 h NCU, 4 weeks of cold storage at 0 (= 672 h CCU), or 6 weeks at 5 (= 675 h CCU) is recommended for forcing and normal growth afterward of variegated Solomon's seal.Additional key words: chill unit, dormancy breaking, emergence uniformity, forcing date, low temperature, Polygonatum odoratum Druce var. pluriflorum Ohwi for. variegatum Y.N.Lee Hort. Environ. Biotechnol. 52(6):553-558. 2011.

Breaking bud dormancy in Erythronium japonicum Decne. (Liliaceae) by natural and artificial chilling

“…28 Dec., 2012 and 25 Jan., 2013. In Polygonatum odoratum, percent sprouting increased up to 83% when the plants were transferred after 7 Dec. (Yun et al, 2011). Jung and Kim (2009) also reported that 90% of rootstocks broke buds when transferred on 5 Dec. in A. amurensis.…”

“…The number of days to sprouting was 14 when the plants were transferred on 22 Feb., whereas they were 28 days to sprouting when transferred on 28 Dec. (Table 1). Similarly, the delayed transferring date was more effective for breaking dormancy and sprouting of P. odoratum (Yun et al, 2011), A. amurensis Kim, 2009), andP. lactiflora (Yeo et al, 2012).…”

“…Flower bud dormancy release is controlled by a period of low temperatures (Arora et al, 2003;Dennis, 2003;Dole, 2003;Faust et al, 1997). Chilling treatment has been used for breaking dormancy or controlling sprouting of perennial herbaceous plants, such as Paeonia lactiflora (Fulton et al, 2001;Rhie et al, 2012), Adonis amurensis (Jung and Kim, 2009), and Polygonatum odoratum (Yun et al, 2011). The duration and intensity of chilling required for dormancy breaking differ among species according to their natural origins (Rogers, 1995).…”

Scarification and Gibberellic Acid Affecting to Dormancy Breaking of Variegated Solomon’s Seal (Polygonatum odoratum var. pluriflorum ‘Variegatum’)

“…맥을 따라 생기는 옅은 노란색의 무늬가 있어 절엽 소재로 활용되는 비율이 늘어나고 있다 (Armitage, 1989;Yun et al, 2011). 하지만 무늬둥굴레도 많은 다년생 식물들과 마찬가 지로 생육특성상 자연상태에서는 4-7월에만 절엽으로 수확 이 가능하기 때문에 이외의 기간은 2배 이상의 가격으로 거 래되고 있는 실정이다 (Yun et al, 2011).…”

“…하지만 무늬둥굴레도 많은 다년생 식물들과 마찬가 지로 생육특성상 자연상태에서는 4-7월에만 절엽으로 수확 이 가능하기 때문에 이외의 기간은 2배 이상의 가격으로 거 래되고 있는 실정이다 (Yun et al, 2011). 식물 외부에서 지베렐린을 처리하여 튤립 (Rudnicki et al, 1976), 백합 (Kim and Yang, 1995 ; S200, S400: scratch with razor followed by GA3 200 or 400 mg･L ; Scratch_drench: scratch with razor followed by GA3 400 mg･L ; NaOCl 6 h: 4% NaOCl for 6 h followed by drench of GA3 400 mg･L ; NaOCl 24 h: 4% NaOCl for 24 h followed by drench of GA3 400 mg･L ; E, 4% NaOCl treatment for 6 h followed by GA3 400 mg･L -1 drench; F, 4% NaOCl treatment for 24 h followed by GA3 400 mg･L -1 drench.…”