Reply to the discussion of A. J. Bernard and E. Soler on the publication by P. M�ller et al.

Germann, Klaus; Schütz, W.

doi:10.1007/bf00204264

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…(4) and (5) above). Several different forms were used in the past because of the lack of strong evidence from observed spectra (see for example Engelmann et al 1985;Engelmann et al 1990). In particular, our previous analysis allowed only a rigidity dependence Q(E) ∝ R −α (for the special case γ = δ + α ≈ 2.8).…”

Section: Transport Of Cosmic Raysmentioning

confidence: 99%

New results on source and diffusion spectral features of Galactic cosmic rays: I $\vec{B/C}$ ratio

Maurin

Taillet

Donato

2002

A&A

100

154

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Abstract. In a previous study , we explored the set of parameters describing diffusive propagation of cosmic rays (galactic convection, reacceleration, halo thickness, spectral index and normalization of the diffusion coefficient), and we identified those giving a good fit to the measured B/C ratio. This study is now extended to take into account a sixth free parameter, namely the spectral index of sources. We use an updated version of our code where the reacceleration term comes from standard minimal reacceleration models. The goal of this paper is to present a general view of the evolution of the goodness of fit to B/C data with the propagation parameters. In particular, we find that, unlike the well accepted picture, and in accordance with our previous study, a Kolmogorov-like power spectrum for diffusion is strongly disfavored. Rather, the χ 2 analysis points towards δ 0.7 along with source spectra index 2.0. Two distinct energy dependences are used for the source spectra: the usual power-law in rigidity and a law modified at low energy, the second choice being only slightly preferred. We also show that the results are not much affected by a different choice for the diffusion scheme. Finally, we compare our findings to recent works, using other propagation models. This study will be further refined in a companion paper, focusing on the fluxes of cosmic ray nuclei.

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Section: Transport Of Cosmic Raysmentioning

confidence: 99%

New results on source and diffusion spectral features of Galactic cosmic rays: I $\vec{B/C}$ ratio

Maurin

Taillet

Donato

2002

A&A

100

154

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“…These newly developed multiphase OCB2Ca 2 alloys exhibit mechanical properties comparable to that of disk alloys such as IN 718 [20,33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of composition on the mechanical properties of newly developed Ti2AlNb-based titanium aluminide

Germann¹,

Banerjee²,

Guédou³

et al. 2005

Intermetallics

144

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“…Certain areas of substrate interaction within Pgp have been identified using photoaffinity analogs of various drugs that recognize Pgp, such as 3 Hazidopine[82] and 125 I-iodoaryl azidoprazosin[83].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

P-glycoprotein as a Drug Target in the Treatment of Multidrug Resistant Cancer

Lehne¹

2000

CDT

148

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Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle to successful cancer chemotherapy. One important mechanism of MDR involves the multidrug transporter, P-glycoprotein (Pgp), which confers upon cancer cells the ability to resist lethal doses of certain cytotoxic drugs by pumping the drugs out of the cells and thus reducing their cytotoxicity. Pgp belongs to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family of transporter molecules which require hydrolysis of ATP to run the transport mechanism. The substrates of Pgp may be endogenous (steroid hormones, cytokines) or exogenous (cytostatic drugs). A number of studies have demonstrated a negative correlation between Pgp expression levels and chemosensitivity or survival in a range of human malignancies. In principle, Pgp mediated drug resistance can be circumvented by treatment regimens that either exclude Pgp substrate drugs or include Pgp inhibitory agents. Experimental studies have demonstrated that certain structural modifications of anthracyclines confer the ability to escape Pgp transport. The therapeutic benefit of Pgp inhibitors as chemosensitizers is currently being explored in phase III clinical trials, and the first promising results have already been reported. Another therapeutic option for Pgp inhibitors has recently evolved as several Pgp inhibitors, many of which are generally low-toxic substances, by themselves constrain proliferation and cause cell death by apoptosis in certain MDR cancer cell lines. The dual effect of Pgp inhibitors, targeting MDR cancer cells selectively, may translate into improved efficacy of cancer chemotherapy and perhaps new and less toxic drug treatment strategies in human MDR cancer.

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Reply to the discussion of A. J. Bernard and E. Soler on the publication by P. M�ller et al.

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

New results on source and diffusion spectral features of Galactic cosmic rays: I $\vec{B/C}$ ratio

New results on source and diffusion spectral features of Galactic cosmic rays: I $\vec{B/C}$ ratio

Effect of composition on the mechanical properties of newly developed Ti2AlNb-based titanium aluminide

P-glycoprotein as a Drug Target in the Treatment of Multidrug Resistant Cancer

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