Repetitive skin‐cutting: Parental bonding, personality and gender

Abstract

Although these results provide further confirmation of a potential association between prior trauma and repetitive skin-cutting, they rigorously challenge the validity of reported gender differences for this behaviour. Further, this study has identified that repetitive skin-cutting can arise independently of BPD and prior trauma. Clinical implications of these results and suggested directions for future research are discussed.

Risk factors and correlates of deliberate self-harm behavior: A systematic review

“…Deliberate self-harm behavior may occur in clinical as well as in nonclinical samples [9,10,[25][26][27]. DSM-IV and ICD-10 F list self-harm behavior as a diagnostic criterion of borderline personality disorder.…”

“…Assessment categories: 1=no information; 2=case ascertainment/medical records; 3=standardized clinician-administered rating; 4=ad hoc interviews; 5=validated interviews; 6=single items, self-report/interview; 7=ad hoc questionnaire; 8=validated questionnaire (assignment to assessment category is given in parentheses if information is insufficient to judge). [23] LT (12 months) +++ Highest recurrence of DSH for age group 25-54 years Sex [11,26,27,49,52,67] CS 00/(++) 6 studies found no sex differences in adults [107] 1 study found more females among medical patients treated for self-harm [45,87,92,93,102,109,110] 6 studies on adolescents found a higher prevalence in females (2:1 to 4:1); 1 study on adolescents found no sex differences [69] LT (1-2 years) 000 Not predictive of DSH recurrence [23] LT (12 months) Unemployment [78,99] CS +++ [90] LT (6 months) Predictive of DSH recurrence [23] LT (12 months) No partnership [78] CS +++ [90] LT (6 months) Predictive of DSH recurrence (except when widowed) [23] LT (12 months factor. "+" indicates positive evidence from only one crosssectional study.…”

Deliberate Self-harm and Suicide in Adolescents

“…4 9,50 However, self-cutting can also arise de novo without any overt history of trauma or borderline personality disorder. 51 Nevertheless, the type of self-harm does not necessarily identify the seriousness of the underlying psychopathology. Cryole, for example, studied 280 college undergraduates and noted that 31% had "minor" self-harming behavior characterized by skin picking or fingernail biting over the previous three years; 20% had "major" selfinjurious behavior with self-cutting and self-burning.…”

A manual of best practice for counsellors working with adolescents who self-injure

“…Some authors have concluded that the incidence for both genders is similar Gratz, Conrad, & Roemer, 2002;Klonsky, Oltmanns, & Turkheimer, 2003;Marchetta, 2006;Nock et al, 2006;Swadi, 2004;Tyler, Whitbeck, Hoyt, & Johnson, 2003;White et al, 2002). Other authors report that the behavior occurs more frequently among females than males Laye-Gindhu & Schonert-Reichl, 2005;Levenkron, 1998;Shaw, 2002).…”

“…Past traumatic experiences are often present in the lives of those who practice SI (Derouin & Bravender, 2004;Marchetta, 2006;Shaw, 2002;Skegg, 2005; ). Many of these traumatic experiences relate to child abuse and subsequent post traumatic stress Cavanaugh, 2002;Derouin & Bravender, 2004;Gratz & Chapman, 2007;Gratz, Conrad, & Roemer, 2002;Nixon, Cloutier, & Aggarwal, 2002;Polk & Liss, 2007;Strong, 1998;Suyemoto & MacDonald, 1995;Swadi, 2004;Tyler et al, 2003;Walsh, 2006;White et al, 2002; ).…”