Repercussions of Bisphenol A on the Physiology of Human Osteoblasts

Abstract

(1) Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor that is widely present in the environment and exerts adverse effects on various body tissues. The objective of this study was to determine its repercussions on bone tissue by examining its impact on selected functional parameters of human osteoblasts. (2) Methods: Three human osteoblast lines were treated with BPA at doses of 10−5, 10−6, or 10−7 M. At 24 h post-treatment, a dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineralization was observed. (4) Results: The expression of CD54 and CD80 antigens was increased at doses of 10−5 and 10−6 M, while the phagocytic capacity and the expression of osteogenic genes (ALP, COL-1, OSC, RUNX2, OSX, BMP-2, and BMP-7) were significantly and dose-dependently reduced in the presence of BPA. (5) Conclusions: According to these findings, BPA exerts adverse effects on osteoblasts by altering their differentiation/maturation and their proliferative and functional capacity, potentially affecting bone health. Given the widespread exposure to this contaminant, further human studies are warranted to determine the long-term risk to bone health posed by BPA.

Modulation of Osteogenic Gene Expression by Human Osteoblasts Cultured in the Presence of Bisphenols BPF, BPS, or BPAF

“…The comparison with published findings on the expression of osteogenic markers by human osteoblasts cultured in the presence of BPA [11] shows that culture with BPS has similar effects but that culture with BPF inhibits a larger number of osteogenic markers at all three doses (10 −5 , 10 −6 , and 10 −7 M). In the case of BPAF, higher doses are required to alter the expression of these osteogenic markers, while the expression of OSX is not changed at any of the three doses assayed.…”

“…The changes in the gene expression of ALP, COL-1, and OSC in culture with the three BPs under study suggest that these compounds have a negative impact on the bone extracellular matrix, similar to the reported effects of BPA at osteoblast level. This effect on the expression of these markers is closely related to the inhibition of mineralization and ALP activity observed in human osteoblasts cultured in osteogenic medium in the presence of BPA [11]. Human exposure to bisphenols is widespread in the general population and specifically in workers handling these substances [35].…”

“…BPA has a harmful effect on bone tissue since it can interact via estrogenic receptors with the two main bone tissue populations, osteoblasts and osteoclasts, possibly compromising bone health [1]. BPA inhibits the growth of murine (MC3T3-E1 cell line) [9] and human fetal (hFOB 1.19 cell line) osteoblasts [10] and human osteoblasts obtained by primary culture from bone implants [11]. This growth inhibition results from apoptosis induction, which compromises cell viability in a dose-dependent manner.…”

“…This growth inhibition results from apoptosis induction, which compromises cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. BPA can also affect the function of this cell population by inhibiting alkaline phosphatase (ALP) synthesis and therefore the mineralization process [10][11][12]. BPA treatment has been found to alter the gene expression of RUNX2, osterix (OSX), β-catenin, collagen-1 (COL-1), osteocalcin (OSC), and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) 2 and 7 (BMP-2 and BPM-7) [9][10][11]13], and the expression of these osteogenic markers is associated with the differentiation and maturation and, therefore, functional capacity of osteoblasts [14].…”

Xenogeneic Serum‐Free Human Cell‐Derived Tissue Engineered Matrices for the Development of Clinical‐Grade Biomimetic Cardiovascular Devices

“…Recently, several studies have reported reduced inflammation, improved bone regeneration and hard and soft tissue would healing, when HPL was used as a medium supplement. [40,41] In this context, we have previously shown improved pre-endothelization potential of endothelial progenitor cells on hTEMs cultured with HPL, demonstrating the capacity to form microvessel-like structures. [42] However, while some studies reported HPL alone to successfully replace FBS in tissue culture, others have shown limited cellular proliferation rates, [43] which may in clinical setting limit the expansion of cells or ECM formation.…”